Analisis Interpretasi Antara Kemiringan Lahan, Hujan, dan Jumlah Tandan terhadap Produktivitas Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) PTPN IV Regional I di Kebun Hapesong Tapanuli Selatan

Abstract

This study aims to determine and analyze the effects of rainfall, rainy days, number of fruit bunches, and land slope on the productivity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) at Hapesong Estate, PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I, from September to November2025. The hypothesis states that rainfall, rainy days, number of fruit bunches, and land slope have a significant effect on the productivity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) at Hapesong Estate, PTPN IV Regional I.The study use secondary data available from the estate and regional administration offices, including data on FFB production and number of bunches from 2019 to 2024, monthly rainfall and rainy days data from 2018 to 2023, and land slope data derived from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data obtained from a lidar sensor drone owned by PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I. The DEM data were processed using QGIS mapping software. The analytical methods applied were multiple linear regression analysis and correlation analysis. Model validity was tested using classical assumption tests, including normality, heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity, and autocorrelation tests, with the aid of SPSS v.25 for Windows. Data were analyzed based on slope classifications—flat, gentle, and moderately steep land. The results showed that rainfall and rainy days had no significant effect on oil palm productivity across flat, gentle, and moderately steep slopes at Hapesong Estate. In contrast, the number of fruit bunches had a significant positive effect on oil palm productivity in all slope categories. Simultaneously, rainfall, rainy days, and number of fruit bunches had a significant joint influence on oil palm productivity at flat, gentle, and moderately steep slopes in Hapesong Estate. Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed that rainfall, rainy days, and number of fruit bunches had a strong relationship with oil palm productivity under all slope conditions at the Hapesong Plantation.