Prarancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Limbah Ampas Tebu Melalui Proses Hidrolisis Asam dan Fermentasi dengan Kapasitas 12.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Bioethanol is ethanol made from cellulosic biomass such as sugarcane bagasse. Ethanol is commonly used in industry as a raw material for alcohol derivatives. Furthermore, bioethanol has significant potential as an alternative fuel to gasoline due to its excellent combustion characteristics and minimal environmental impact. In this project, bioethanol is produced from sugarcane bagasse waste through acid hydrolysis and fermentation. The reaction takes place continuously at 36°C and 1 atm pressure in a fermentation reactor using the microbe Zymomonas mobilis.

This bioethanol plant is designed to have a production capacity of 12,000 tons/year and operate 330 days a year. The planned construction site is in Wampu District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra, with a land area of 36,327 m² and a capacity of 231 employees. The selected business entity is a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line and staff organizational structure. Based on the economic analysis, the total investment capital required is IDR 350,899,367,967, with an annual production cost of IDR 463,369,448,003.03 and revenue from product sales of IDR 731,711,112,377 per year. The net profit obtained reached IDR 268,341,664,374.26 per year with a profit margin of 36.490%. The feasibility analysis shows a Break Even Point (BEP) value of 51.510%, a Return On Investment (ROI) of 24.703%, a Pay Out Time (POT) of 4.048 Years, a Return on Network (RON) of 41.172%, and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 25.774%. Based on these parameters, it can be concluded that this bioethanol plant is economically attractive and worthy of further study.