Kejadian End Stage Renal Disease pada Pasien Lupus Nephritis dengan Indikasi Renal Replacement Therapy di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2022-2025

Abstract

Background. Lupus Nephritis (LN) is a renal manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) that potentially progresses to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), leading to high morbidity and mortality, particularly in Indonesia. The number of LN patients requiring Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) continues to rise, especially in tertiary referral hospitals such as Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, but patient characteristic data remains limited. Objective. To determine the risk factors and laboratory results of LN patients with ESRD at RSUP Adam Malik Medan from 2022 2025. Methods. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 32 LN patients with ESRD using medical record data and descriptive analysis via SPSS. Results. The majority of patients were female (90.6%) and belonged to the adult age group (84.5%). Clinical risk factors showed that 59.4% of patients had hypertension and 71.9% had a history of medication use. All patients (100%) underwent hemodialysis as an RRT modality. Laboratory profiles indicated high immunological activity with a mean low C3 level (51.91 mg/dL), low C4 level (12.00 mg/dL), and high Anti-dsDNA level (228.1 IU/mL). Anemic conditions were also found with a mean Hemoglobin of 7.9 g/dL and hypoalbuminemia (2.49 g/dL). Conclusion. Lupus Nephritis (LN) patients with ESRD at RSUP Adam Malik Medan were predominantly female with high immunological activity, emphasizing the importance of early detection and aggressive therapy to prevent disease progression.