Hubungan Depresi, Kecemasan dan Stres dengan Emotional Eating dan Status Gizi pada Siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Medan

Abstract

Introduction. Adolescence is a transitional phase that is vulnerable to physical, psychological, and social changes. At this stage, adolescents face a high risk of nutritional problems, including overweight and obesity. Globally, more than 390 million children and adolescents are overweight. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the prevalence of adolescent obesity reaches 3–4%. This condition shows a significant increase that requires attention. The problem of overnutrition in adolescents is multifactorial, one of which is influenced by emotional factors. Emotions such as depression, anxiety, and stress can trigger emotional eating, which is the behavior of overeating as a coping mechanism. These emotions have the potential to cause nutritional imbalances and weight gain. Objective. This study aims to analyze the relationship between depression, anxiety, and stress with emotional eating and nutritional status in students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Medan. Methods. This study is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The dependent variables studied are emotional eating and nutritional status, and the independent variables studied are depression, anxiety, and stress. Data were collected from students using the DASS-Y questionnaire, DEBQ, and weight and height measurements. Data analysis includes Chi-square, Spearman, binary logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression. Results and Discussion. Respondents numbered 210 students with an age range of 14-17 years, the majority of whom were 16 years old and female. The results showed that 54.8% of students had normal nutritional status and 41.9% experienced moderate emotional eating. Bivariate analysis showed that depression, anxiety and stress had a significant relationship with emotional eating and nutritional status (p-value <0.05). Binary logistic regression showed a significant simultaneous relationship between depression, multinomial logistic regression showed a significant relationship between anxiety and stress on overweight-obese nutritional status, and a significant relationship between anxiety and malnutrition status with an OR value > 1. Conclusion. In the study, 41.9% of students experienced moderate emotional eating. Depression, anxiety and stress are related to emotional eating and nutritional status.