Studi Eksperimental Model Termal pada Alat Uji Distilasi Kemiringan Ganda

Abstract

Thermal models comparison was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of each model in predicting the distillate water mass and the thermal efficiency of a doubleslope distillation simulator, thereby establishing a reference for designing optimal systems. This study compared five thermal models proposed by Dunkle (1961), Clark (1990), Jamil and Akhtar (2017), Al-Sulttani et al. (2022), and Mohsenzadeh et al. (2023), in predicting the performance of the double-slope distillation simulator with variations of seawater temperature at 45, 50, and 55 °C. Experimental testing was carried out for 8 hours, maintaining the outer glass cover temperature at 25 °C and keeping each seawater temperature variation constant. Measurements of temperature, salinity, power input, and distillate mass were taken every 10 minutes. The results indicate that the model proposed by Al-Sulttani et al. (2022) achieved the highest accuracy in predicting the experimental outcomes, with average errors of 6.6% at 55 °C, 2.3% at 50 °C, and 4.6% at 45 °C. The Mohsenzadeh et al. (2023) model yielded average errors of 17.1%, 9.2%, and 7.5% at the same temperatures, respectively. The Jamil and Akhtar model showed average errors of 12.9%, 5.8%, and 8.5%. The Clark (1990) model demonstrated larger errors, namely 16.9%, 15.4%, and 13.7%, while the Dunkle (1961) model had the highest errors, at 18.7%, 17.2%, and 15.8%. The thermal efficiency of the solar still increased with higher operating seawater temperatures, recorded at 40.83% at 45 °C, 42.77% at 50 °C, and 46.48% at 55 °C.