| dc.description.abstract | Thermal models comparison was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of each model in predicting the distillate water mass and the thermal efficiency of a doubleslope distillation simulator, thereby establishing a reference for designing optimal systems. This study compared five thermal models proposed by Dunkle (1961), Clark (1990), Jamil and Akhtar (2017), Al-Sulttani et al. (2022), and Mohsenzadeh et al. (2023), in predicting the performance of the double-slope distillation simulator with variations of seawater temperature at 45, 50, and 55 °C. Experimental testing was carried out for 8 hours, maintaining the outer glass cover temperature at 25 °C and keeping each seawater temperature variation constant. Measurements of temperature, salinity, power input, and distillate mass were taken every 10 minutes. The results indicate that the model proposed by Al-Sulttani et al. (2022) achieved the highest accuracy in predicting the experimental outcomes, with average errors of 6.6% at 55 °C, 2.3% at 50 °C, and 4.6% at 45 °C. The Mohsenzadeh et al. (2023) model yielded average errors of 17.1%, 9.2%, and 7.5% at the same temperatures, respectively. The Jamil and Akhtar model showed average errors of 12.9%, 5.8%, and 8.5%. The Clark (1990) model demonstrated larger errors, namely 16.9%, 15.4%, and 13.7%, while the Dunkle (1961) model had the highest errors, at 18.7%, 17.2%, and 15.8%. The thermal efficiency of the solar still increased with higher operating seawater temperatures, recorded at 40.83% at 45 °C, 42.77% at 50 °C, and 46.48% at 55 °C. | en_US |
