Pengaruh Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium Dc.) 1% terhadap Keratosis Seboroik

Abstract

Background: Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a benign skin tumor commonly found in the elderly and is associated with ultraviolet (UV) exposure and the aging process. Although non-malignant, SK lesions can cause aesthetic concerns and reduce quality of life. Natural-based topical therapies are increasingly popular due to their potentially lower side effects. Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. (andaliman), a native plant of North Sumatra, contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and alkaloids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, offering potential as a topical treatment for SK. Objective: To evaluate the effect of 1% andaliman fruit extract cream (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) on SK. Subjects and Methods: This quasi-experimental clinical trial with a pretest-posttest design was conducted on 40 subjects with common seborrheic keratosis of the facial region. Diagnosis was established through anamnesis and clinical examination. Lesion improvement was assessed using a digital caliper at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12 after application of 1% andaliman extract cream. Side effects were monitored throughout the study, and satisfaction was assessed at the end. The Friedman test followed by post-hoc analysis using the Wilcoxon test was performed to evaluate differences in lesion area before and after treatment, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: A statistically significant reduction in the mean lesion diameter was observed after 12 weeks of 1% andaliman fruit extract cream application. Dermoscopic features of the SK lesion demonstrated changes before and after treatment No adverse effects were reported, and all subjects expressed satisfaction with the treatment. Conclusion: The use of 1% andaliman fruit extract cream (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) improved the dermoscopic and clinical appearance of SK without side effects and showed high levels of patient satisfaction.