Pengaruh Gel Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata Linn.) 5% Terhadap Akne Vulgaris

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic skin disease caused by a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. The use of natural ingredients with antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, and antioxidant activities can be a potential treatment for acne vulgaris. Soursop leaf extract (Annona muricata Linn.) has bioactive compounds that can be used in the management of acne vulgaris. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using a 5% gel formulation of soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn.) extract on improving acne vulgaris. Methods: This quasi-experimental clinical trial study used a pretest-posttest design on 40 subjects aged ≥ 18 years with acne vulgaris. Diagnosis was confirmed clinically and a total evaluation of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions was carried out before and after administration of 5% soursop leaf extract gel (Annona muricata Linn.) 5% as well as an assessment of side effects and quality of life. Data on the reduction in total lesions were analyzed using repeated ANOVA or Friedman's test and continued with a post-hoc test to assess clinical improvement. Data were considered significant if p <0.05. Results: Most subjects with acne vulgaris in this study were women (70%) with a dominant age range of 18–25 years (70%). Administration of 5% soursop leaf extract gel (Annona muricata Linn.) 5 % significantly reduced the number of noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions (p<0.001). During the study, no side effects were found after using the preparation. In addition, there was a significant increase in the average score across all domains of quality of life based on the Indonesian version of the Acne-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire after using gel. Conclusion: The use of 5% soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) 5% leaf extract gel is effective in reducing the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, improving the quality of life of subjects with acne vulgaris, and has no side effects.