Pengaruh Pemberian Nanoemulgel Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) 5% Terhadap Akne Vulgaris

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory pilosebaceous skin disease that often occurs, especially in adolescents and young adults, with a significant impact on the quality of life of sufferers. The use of natural ingredients as alternative therapies is increasingly being developed, one of which is avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.), which is known to contain compounds that are useful as anti-inflammatories, antioxidants, and antibacterials. This content is thought to be able to improve acne vulgaris. Objective: to determine the effect of administering 5% avocado leaf extract nanoemulgel (Persea americana Mill.) on acne vulgaris. Subjects dan Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental clinical trial using a pretestposttest design involving 50 subjects aged ≥ 18 years with acne vulgaris. Diagnosis was established clinically, and evaluation of total non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions was conducted before and after administration of 5% avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) nanoemulgel, along with assessment of side effects and quality of life. Data on the differences in the number of non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions before and after administration of 5% avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) nanoemulgel were analyzed using the Friedman test followed by Dunn's post-hoc test. Side effect data from the administration of 5% avocado leaf extract nanoemulgel were calculated as the number of subjects and percentages. Quality of life data were analyzed using paired T-test. Results: The majority of subjects with acne vulgaris in this study were women (80%) with a predominant age range of 18–25 years (52%). Administration of 5% avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) nanoemulgel significantly reduced the number of noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions (p<0.001). During the study period, no side effects were observed following the use of this preparation. There was a significant improvement in mean scores across all quality of life domains (self-perception, role-social, role-emotional, and acne symptoms) based on the Indonesian version of the Acne-Quality of Life questionnaire after using 5% avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) nanoemulgel (p<0.001). Conclusion: The use of 5% avocado leaf extract nanoemulgel (Persea americana Mill.) showed clinical improvement and quality of life for acne vulgaris without causing side effects.