Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Terhadap Naungan dan Dosis Pupuk Organik Padatan

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a strategic commodity for food security on marginal lands; however, its production in Indonesia remains low. One of the primary limiting factors in sorghum cultivation is shade stress, which inhibits photosynthesis. The application of organic fertilizer is expected to improve root conditions and enhance nutrient uptake to mitigate the negative impacts of shading. This study aimed to determine the growth and production response of sorghum to different shading levels and various dosages of solid organic fertilizer, as well as the interaction between the two factors. The research was conducted at Jalan Puskesmas I LK.IV, Sunggal Subdistrict, Medan Sunggal District, Medan City, North Sumatra Province, at coordinates 3°34'51"N 98°36'57"E with an altitude of ± 29 meters above sea level (masl), starting from March 2025. The study utilized a Split Plot Design consisting of two factors with three replications. The first factor, as the main plot, was Shade (No Shade and 40% Shade). The second factor, as the subplot, was the Dosage of Petroganik Solid Organic Fertilizer (0, 406, 506, and 606 g per plant). The results showed that the no-shade treatment resulted in better growth and production. The combination of the no-shade treatment and a fertilizer dosage of 606 g/plant yielded the best results for the parameters of stem diameter, flowering age, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, root volume, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, seed weight per sample, seed weight per plot, panicle weight per sample, panicle weight per plot, and 1000-grain weight