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    Potret Strategi Adaptasi Imgran Ilegal di Kota Medan

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    Date
    2015
    Author
    Barus, Samseng
    Advisor(s)
    Zuska, Fikarwin
    Manurung, Ria
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    Abstract
    Penelitian potret strategi adaptasi imigran ilegal dalam penelitian ini merupakan respon fenomena sosial atas kehadiran imigran ilegal di Kota Medan. Para imigran ilegal sebagian besar keluar dari negara asal, karena konflik yang berkecamuk antara kelompok atau komunitas tertentu. Para Imigran ilegal tak jarang tersangkut di negara Indonesia, khususnya kota Medan sebagai negara transit menuju Australia. Aneka permasalahan muncul, para imigran ilegal yang transit ke Indonesia dalam jumlah yang besar dan terus mengalami pertambahan. Malah di Kota Medan, para imigran ilegal sudah beradaptasi dengan situasi lingkungan setempat. Atas dasar ini peneliti terdorong untuk mengangkat kasus ini dengan rumusan masalah: Bagaimana potret strategi adaptasi imigran ilegal di Kota Medan? dan bagaimana implikasi strategi adaptasi imigran ilegal di Kota Medan? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan imigran ilegal di Rudenim Belawan dan luar Rudenim di Kota Medan. Untuk melengkapi data penelitian, peneliti juga menggunakan metode observasi dan dokumentasi, sehingga data yang dikumpulkan saling melengkapi satu sama lain. Proses penelitian yang sungguh menantang menjadi refleksi tersendiri bagi peneliti menghadapi karaktek informan yang berbeda dengan sosial-kultural Indonesia. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, strategi adaptasi imigran ilegal di Kota Medan dengan memanfaatkan kelemahan hukum di Indonesia. Misalnya pemalsuan identitas diri yang tentunya melanggar hukum keimigrasian. Para imigran ilegal dengan bebas keluar dari rudenim tanpa prosedur yang jelas dari pihak terkait, malah bersembunyi dibalik badan IOM dan UNHCR. Selain itu juga mereka mendekati para perempuan lokal, bermain bola bersama dengan penduduk setempat, dan berusaha bergaul dengan penduduk lokal Kota Medan. Agar proses adaptasi berjalan dengan baik, para imigran ilegal berusaha belajar Bahasa Indonesia. Kedua, implikasi dari strategi adaptasi imigran ilegal di Kota Medan memberikan implikasi terhadap hal sosial politik, ideologi, kultural, dan keamanan nasional. Menurut peneliti bahwa bukan tidak mungkin implikasi-implikasi tersebut menciptakan konflik ke depan, mengingat kehadiran para imigran ilegal di Kota Medan yang cukup banyak dan lama. Selain itu, peneliti menemukan bahwa ada indikasi bahwa Indonesia bukan lagi negara transit, melainkan telah menjadi negara destinasi. Buktinya, para imigran dalam wawancara berusaha agar ke depan mereka diakui sebagai bagian dari warga negara Indonesia. Mencermati temuan tersebut, peneliti memberikan saran-saran yang perlu untuk menjawab temuan masalah penelitian ini. Pertama, Hukum Keimigrasian Indonesia perlu ditegakkan kembali dari segala bentuk intervensi negara asing atau badan tertentu. Kedua, Pemerintah Indonesia segera mungkin melakukan penindakan lewat deportasi ke negara asal atau diberikan tekanan diplomatis kepada negara yang “mengekspor” imigran ilegal.
     
    The research on portrait of adaptation strategies of illegal immigrants in this study is a response to the social phenomenon of the presence of illegal immigrants in Medan city. The majority of illegal immigrants went out from their country, because of the conflict that raged among certain groups or communities. The illegal immigrants often caught in the country of Indonesia, particularly Medan city as a transit country to Australia. Various problems arise such as the illegal immigrants who transit to Indonesia in large numbers and continue to increase. In fact, in Medan city, the illegal immigrants already adapted to the local environmental situation. Based on the above case, the researcher is encouraged to raise this case with the formulation of the problem: How can a portrait of adaptation strategies illegal immigrants in Medan city? and how the Adaptation Strategy Implications of Illegal Immigrants in Medan city? This study used qualitative research method. Data collection technique was through interviews with illegal immigrants in Belawan Rudenim and outside Rudenim in Medan city. To complete the research data, the researcher also used observation method and documentation, so that the collected data complement each other. The research process truly be a reflection of its own challenging for researcher faced with different informants characteristics of socio-cultural of Indonesia. The research showed the following results. Firstly, a strategy of adaptation of illegal immigrants in Medan city by exploiting the weaknesses in law in Indonesia. For example, falsification of identity that violates immigration laws. The illegal immigrants freely went out of Rudenim without clear procedures from related parties, instead hiding behind bodies of IOM and UNHCR. In addition, they also approached the local women, playing football with the locals, and tried to mingle with the local population of Medan. In the process of adaptation, illegal immigrants try to learn Indonesian language. Secondly, the Adaptation Strategy Implications of Illegal Immigrants in Medan has impact on social and political terms, ideology, cultural, and national security. According to the researcher, it is not likely that implications of these create conflict in the future, given the presence of illegal immigrants in Medan city. In addition, the researcher found that there were indications that Indonesia is no longer a transit country, but has been a destination country. The proof that immigrants in the interview trying to get ahead they are recognized as part of Indonesian citizens. Looking at these findings, the researcher gave suggestions to address the findings of this research. Firstly, the Indonesian Immigration Laws need to be enforced and all out of foreign intervention or specific entities. Secondly, the Government of Indonesia take action through deportation as soon as possible to the country of origin or to give diplomatic pressure to the countries that exported the illegal immigrants.

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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
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