Perbaikan Karakter Agronomi pada Kedelai Kipas Putih Melalui Iradiasi Sinar Gamma

Abstract

Mutation breeding with gamma rays irradiation provides a great opportunity to increase plant genetic diversity. In this study, the agronomic character of Kipas Putih soybean was improved by gamma rays irradiation to obtain early and high yielding mutants. This study aims to identify changes in morphological and agronomic characters caused by gamma ray irradiation treatment in M1 and M2 generation and to obtain potential early maturity and high yielding mutant lines in M3, M4 and M5 generation. The results showed that there are changes in morphological and agronomic characters in M1 and M2 generation due to gamma rays irradiation. Individual selection based on early flowering and seed weight per plant character result in an increase of the average value in the selected genotype population compared to the basic population in M3 generation. Putative mutant lines in M4 generation show improvement in the character of the number of pods and seed weight per plant compared to the Kipas Putih variety. Selection results in M5 generation are obtained 33 putative mutant lines. They consist of 6 early maturity mutant lines with harvesting time 4-14 days faster than Kipas Putih and have small seed weight), 3 early maturity mutant lines harvested 8 days faster, 19 high yielding mutant lines but not early maturing time (7 putative mutant lines including large seed weight (>14 g/100 seed).