Variabilitas Arus Puncak Ekspirasi pada Pekerja di Instalasi Pencucian Kain (Laundry) di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Latar belakang : Diperkirakan hingga saat ini kejadian asma kerja mencapai 15% dari kejadian seluruh penyakit asma. Pekerja Laundry di RS sangat rentan terhadap terjadinya gangguan saluran pernapasan khususnya asma kerja.Untuk mengetahui terjadinya obstruksi maka dilakukan pemeriksaan APE harian dimana dibandingkan APE sebelum dan sesudah bekerja. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang dilakukan pada bulan November 2016. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh pekerja di Instalasi Laundry RSUPHAM yaitu sebanyak 24 orang tanpa ada kriteria ekslusi ,dimana semua pekerja sudah bekerja selama > 1 tahun. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan APE harian yang dilakukan selama 14 hari. Hasil :Dari hasil pemeriksaan APE yang telah dilakukan terdapat 9 orang yang mengalami penurunan fungsi paru . berdasarkan jenis kelamin terbanyak laki-laki sebanyak 5 orang (55,6%), Usia ≥40 tahun sebanyak 2 orang (22.2%), lama bekerja ≥10 tahun sebanyak 3 orang (33,3%), dengan riwayat merokok sebanyak 5 orang (55,6%), total debu ≥0,2 mikron sebanyak 6 orang (66,7), total paparan bakteri ≥500 sebanyak 3 orang (33,3%), penggunaan APD yang tidak baik sebanyak 3 orang (33,3%). Kesimpulan : Terdapat penurunan fungsi paru sebesar ≥ 3,1 % yang dijumpai pada 9 orang pekerja.

Background:Laundress in hospitals is very susceptible to respiratory disorders, especially occupational asthma. To invetigatethe occurrence of obstruction, the daily Expiration Peak Flow (EPF) examination was carried to comparethe EPF, before and after work. Method: This is a descriptive study conducted on November 2016. The sample was 24 workers in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan Laundry Installation ,without any exclusion criteria, where all workers have been working for more than 1 year. Sampling was done by distributing a daily questionnaires and EPF examination for 14 days. Results: From the results of EPF examinations that have been conducted, there were 9 persons were indicated to experience a decreased in lung function. Based on the most sex category, men were 5 people (55.6%), age ≥ 40 years were 2 people (22.2%), working duration ≥10 years were 3 people (33.3%), with the smoking habit were 5 people (55.6%), total dust ≥0.2 micron were 6 people (66.7), total exposure of bacterium ≥500 were 3 people (33.3%), poor APD usage were 3 people (33.3% %). Conclusions: There was a decrease in lung function by ≥ 3.1% found in 9 workers.