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    Analisa Riwayat Waktu pada Struktur Bangunan dengan Menyertakan Efek Interaksi Tanah dan Pondasi Tiang

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    Date
    2011
    Author
    Sumantri, Ahmad
    Advisor(s)
    Iskandar, Rudi
    Teruna, Daniel Rumbi
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    Abstract
    The performance of seismic hazard analysis is intended to generate earthquake acceleration on geological bedrock by considering geological factors, attenuate equations, and statistical modeling factors. The result of the earthquake acceleration on bedrock was used as the input data for the EduShake program in processing seismic wave propagation from the bedrock to the ground level in order to obtain the amplication of seismic acceleration values which are required in the design of earthquake resistance buildings by using Time History Analysis. When the seismic waves propagate through the soil around the pile foundation, interaction will exist between soil and pile foundation where the soil will behave as a spring and dash pot for pile foundation. The existence of the interaction between soil and pile foundation will lead to formation of lateral clamping mechanisms on the pile at a certain depth. This mechanism can be analyzed by using a computer programs, and one of them is such as Allpile Program. Furthermore, there are two main categories for analyzing the effect of earthquakes on building structures; namely, Response Spectrum Analysis (Response Spectrum) / Equivalent Static Load and Time History Analysis which can be done by the assistance of Structural Analysis Program (Structure Analysis Program/SAP). Based on the result of deviation value analysis for each level of building structures model using the SAP, it was found that there is disparity between the result of time historical method analysis with the result of an equivalent static load method analysis. If the Appellant El Centro Eearthquake with Atenuase Joyner & Boore is used, the deviation differences obtained for the five-story building structure reaches an average value of 67.62 %, for the ten-floor of building structures it reaches too the average value of 90.09 % and for the fifteen floor-building structure it reaches to the average value of 94.50 %. After taking a look at this significant disparity, it is suggested that in the structural design of earthquake resistant building, the method of Time History Analysis should be used since the hardware (Appliance Seismograph) and software (computer programs) are now sufficiently available to perform risk analysis on earthquake prone areas and the time history analysis on the building structures.
     
    Analisis resiko gempa (seismic hazard analysis) dilakukan untuk mendapatkan percepatan gempa pada batuan dasar dengan mempertimbangkan faktor geologi, persamaan atenuase dan pemodelan secara statistik. Hasil percepatan gempa di batuan dasar ini digunakan sebagai data masukan bagi Program EduShake untuk proses analisa perambatan gelombang gempa dari batuan dasar ke permukaan tanah sehingga diperoleh amplifikasi nilai percepatan gempa yang diperlukan dalam perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa dengan menggunakan Analisa Riwayat Waktu (Time History Analysis). Ketika gelombang gempa merambat melalui tanah disekitar pondasi tiang akan menimbulkan interaksi antara tanah dan tiang pondasi dimana tanah akan berprilaku sebagi pegas (spring) dan peredam (dahspot) bagi tiang pondasi. Dengan adanya interaksi antara tanah dan tiang pondasi maka akan terbentuk mekanisme penjepitan lateral pada bagian pondasi tiang di kedalaman tertentu. Mekanisme ini dapat dianalisa dengan menggunakan bantuan program komputer salahsatunya Program Allpile. Selanjutnya terdapat dua katagori utama untuk menganalisa efek gempa terhadap struktur bangunan yaitu Analisa Spektrum Respon (Spectrum Respon)/Beban statik Ekivalen dan Analisa Riwayat Waktu (Time History Analysis). Analisa Spectrum Respon dan Analisa Riwayat Waktu dapat dilakukan dengan bantuan Program Analisa Struktur (Structure Analysis Programe/SAP). Hasil analisa nilai simpangan tiap tingkat pada model struktur bangunan menggunakan SAP terdapat perbedan antara hasil analisa metode riwayat waktu dengan hasil analisa metode beban statik ekivalen. Jika digunakan Gempa Pembanding El Centro dengan Atenuase Joyner & Boore perbedaan simpangan untuk struktur gedung 5 lantai mencapai nilai rata-rata 67,62 %, untuk struktur gedung 10 lantai mencapai nilai rata-rata 90,09 %, untuk struktur gedung 15 lantai mencapai nilai rata-rata 94,50 %. Melihat berbedaan yang cukup signifikan ini maka dalam perencanaan struktur gedung tahan gempa sebaiknya menggunakan metode Analisa Riwayat Waktu (Time History Analysis) mengingat perangkat keras (Alat Seismograf) maupun perangkat lunak (program komputer) saat ini sudah mencukupi untuk melakukan analisa resiko gempa pada daerah rawan gempa dan analisa riwayat waktu pada struktur bangunan gedung.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/21947
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV