Hubungan Skala Warna Urine dan Berat Jenis Urine Terhadap Status Hidrasi pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Desa Singkuang Kecamatan Muara Batang Gadis Kabupaten Mandailing Natal

Abstract

Objective : Inadequate hydration status in children causes several conditions such as imbalance mood, headache, delayed cognitive function, even death. It is imperative to access the status quickly, accurately by using urine color scale and measuring the urine specific gravity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between urine color scale and urine specific gravity to hydration status in children Method : A cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2019 in Singkuang village. The samples were elementary children from 8 to 14 years old. All samples required to fill the questionnaire and to submit the urine sample. Then, they were examined to assess the hydration status. The urine was evaluated by using urine color scale and refractometer. Bivariate analysis, chi square, was used to analyze the determinants. The confidence interval was set to 95% and P<0.05 was significant. Result : There were 222 samples from elementary school class 4 to 6. There were 46 (20.7%) dehydrated children from physical examination. There were 5 (2.2%) dehydrated children and 153 (65.9%) probable dehydrated children when be assessed by urine color scale. There were 18 (8.1%) dehydrated children when be assessed by urine specific gravity. There was no relationship between urine color scale and hydration status (P = 0.511). But the urine specific gravity was significantly correlated to hydration status (P = 0.032). Conclusion : Urine color scale was not significantly correlated to hydration status. Urine specific gravity was significantly correlated to hydration status. Urine color scale was significantly correlated to urine specific gravity.

Latar Belakang : Status hidrasi yang tidak adekuat pada anak dapat menyebabkan kondisi ketidakseimbangan mood, gejala sakit kepala, menurunnya fungsi kognitif, dan keadaan lebih parah bahkan kematian. Sehingga perlu penilaian yang cepat, tepat dan akurat untuk menilai status hidrasi pada anak, dengan menggunakan skala warna urine dan berat jenis urine. Tujuan : Menganalisa hubungan antara skala warna urine dan berat jenis urine terhadap status hidrasi pada anak Metode : Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2019 di Desa Singkuang terhadap anak sekolah dasar yang berusia 8-14 tahun. Semua sampel penelitian mengisi kuesioner dan persetujuan untuk dilakukan pengambilan sampel urine serta dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik untuk menilai status hidrasi anak. Urine diperiksa menggunakan skala warna urine dan refraktometer. Analisis bivariat diuji menggunakan uji Chi Square, dilakukan dengan interval kepercayaan 95% dan nilai P<0.05 yang dinyatakan bermakna secara statistik Hasil : Dari 222 sampel yang terdiri dari anak sekolah dasar kelas 4,5,dan 6 didapatkan 46 (20.7%) anak mengalami dehidrasi. Pada pemeriksaan skala warna urine, didapatkan 5 (2.2%) anak mengalami dehidrasi dan 153 (65.9%) mengalami kemungkinan dehidrasi sedangkan pada pemeriksaan berat jenis urine, didapatkan 18 (8.1%) mengalami dehidrasi. Tidak dijumpai hubungan antara skala warna urine dengan status hidrasi dimana ( p=0.511) sedangkan pada berat jenis urine, dijumpai hubungan antara berat jenis urine dengan status hidrasi dimana (p=0.032). Kesimpulan : Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara skala warna urine terhadap status hidrasi pada anak. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara berat jenis urine terhadap status hidrasi pada anak. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara skala warna urine dengan berat jenis urine.