Identifikasi Morfologi dan Analisis Kandungan Beta Karoten pada Beberapa Genotipe Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) di Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah Kabupaten Aceh Besar

Abstract

AiraHafnizar. 2019. ― Identifikasi Morfologi dan Kandungan Beta Karoten Pada Beberapa Genotipe Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) di Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah Kabupaten Aceh Besar‖, dibimbing oleh Rosmayati dan Nini Rahmawati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ubi jalar yang ditanam oleh petani di Kabupaten Aceh Besar melalui identifikasi morfologi tanaman serta untuk mengetahui kandungan β-karoten pada berbagai jenis ubi jalar yang ditemukan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah Kabupaten Aceh Besar untuk eksplorasi tanaman ubi jalar dengan metode survei. Kemudian dilanjutkan di Laboraturium Kultur Jaringan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara untuk analisis kandungan β-karoten. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei, kemudian identifikasi tanaman berdasarkan karakter morfologi ubi jalar dari IPGRI dan analisis clustern menggunakan software SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 27 genotipe ubi jalar di empat desa dalam Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Ubi jalar asal Desa Suka Damai, terdiri dari 7 genotipe yaitu: ubi madu kuning (A1), ubi hitam (A2), ubi sarioto (A3), ubi madu kuning (A4), ubi madu (A5), ubi sarioto (A6), ubi madu (A7). Ubi jalar asal Desa Saree terdiri dari 8 genotipe yaitu: ubi sarioto (A8), ubi hitam (A9), ubi madu oranye (A10), ubi madu kuning (A11), ubi hitam (A12), ubi madu kuning (A13) ubi madu (A14), ubi sarioto (A15), 4 Genotipe asal Desa Blang Lambaro yaitu: ubi madu kuning (A16), ubi sarioto (A17), ubi madu kuning (A18), ubi madu (A19) dan 8 genotipe asal Desa Suka Mulia yaitu ubi gadung (A20), ubi hitam (A21), ubi lobak (A22), ubi madu kuning (A23), ubi gadung (A24), ubi madu kuning (A25), ubi sarioto (A26), ubi madu (A27). Kandungan betakaroten tertinggi diperoleh dari ubi madu asal desa Blang Lambaro (A19) dengan nilai 14,53 x 10-5μg/l dan nilai terendah di peroleh dari ubi sarioto asal desa Suka Damai (A3) dengan nilai 0,27 x 10-5μg/l.

AiraHafnizar. 2019. “Morphology Identification and Beta Carotene Content in Some Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Genotype’sin Subdistrict of Lembah Seulawah District of Aceh Besar", supervised by Rosmayati and Nini Rahmawati. The objectives of the research was to determine the type of sweet potato grown by farmers in District of Aceh Besar through the identification of plant morphology directly and to determine the content of β-carotene in various types of sweet potatoes. This research was conducted in Subdistrict of Lembah Seulawah District of Aceh Besar for the exploration of sweet potato plant by survey method. Then continued at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture Faculty of Agriculture University of North Sumatra for analysis of β-carotene content. This research was conducted from October to December 2017. This research was conducted by survey method, then plant identification based on morphological character of sweet potato from IPGRI and clustern analysis with the help of SPSS 16 software. The results showed that there were 27sweet potato genotypein four villages within Subdistrict of Lembah Seulawah District of Aceh Besar. There were 7 genotypeof sweet potato origin Suka Damai village that is yellow honey yam (A1), black sweet potato (A2), sarioto sweet potato (A3), yellow honey yam (A4), honey sweet potato (A5), sarioto sweet potato (A6), honey sweet potato (A7), the 12 genotype of sweet potatoes come from the village of Saree namely sarioto sweet potato (A8), black yam (A9), orange honey sweet potato (A10), yellow honey yam (A11), black yam (A12), yellow honey yam (A13), honey sweet potato (A14), sarioto sweet potato (A15), yellow honey yam (A16), sarioto sweet potato (A17), yellow honey yam (A18), orange honey sweet potato (A19) and eight genotype of sweet potato origin Suka Mulia village that is gadung sweet potato (A20), black yam (A21), radish sweet potato (A22), yellow honey yam (A23),gadung sweet potato (A24), yellow honey yam (A25), sarioto sweet potato (A26), honey sweet potato (A27). The highest content of beta-carotene was obtained from orange honey sweet potato from Saree village (A19) with the value of 14,53 x 10-5μg / l and the lowest value was obtained from sarioto sweet potato from Suka Damai village (A3) with 0,27 x 10-5 μg / l .