Hubungan Ekspresi Matriks Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) terhadap Stadium Klinis pada Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Laring di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background : Laryngeal carcinoma is the second most common tumor after nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the ear, nose and throat (ENT). Laryngeal carcinoma occurs in about 0.3% of cancer deaths. Laryngeal malignancies can occur in all parts of the larynx. Metalloproteinase (MMP) matrix has an important role in tumor invasion and angiogenesis. As a member of MMP, MMP-9 is involved in extracellular matrix damage which is usually associated with tumor progression in several solid tumors. Objective : To determine the relationship between MMP-9 expression and clinical stage in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods : An analytic study with a cross-sectional study design with a total sample of 25 paraffin blocks of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Results : Overexpression of MMP-9 expression was found in T3 and T4 by 11 subjects (57.9%). Overexpression of MMP-9 expression was found in KGB N2 and N3 by 2 subjects (10.5%). MMP-9 overexpression was found in poorly differentiated histopathological grading of 5 subjects (26.3%). MMP-9 overexpression was found in the advanced stage by 13 subjects (68.4%). Overexpression of MMP-9 expression was found at the location of tumors throughout the larynx by 12 subjects (63.2%). Conclusion : No significant relationship was found between MMP-9 expression and tumor size (p = 0.364), KGB metastases (p = 0.364), histopathological grading (p = 0.147), tumor stage (p = 0.637) and tumor location (0.709) .

Latar Belakang : Karsinoma laring merupakan tumor terbanyak kedua setelah karsinoma nasofaring pada bidang telinga, hidung dan tenggorok (THT). Karsinoma laring terjadi pada sekitar 0,3% kematian akibat kanker. Keganasan laring dapat terjadi pada seluruh bagian laring. Matriks Metalloproteinase (MMP) memiliki peranan penting pada invasi tumor dan angiogenesis. Sebagai salah satu anggota dari MMP, MMP-9 terlibat dalam kerusakan ekstraseluler matrik yang biasanya berhubungan dengan progresi tumor pada beberapa tumor padat. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan ekspresi MMP-9 terhadap stadium klinis pada penderita karsinoma sel skuamosa laring. Metode : Penelitian analitik dengan rancangan studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 blok parafin penderita karsinoma sel skuamosa laring. Hasil : Ekspresi MMP-9 overekspresi ditemukan pada T3 dan T4 sebesar 11 subjek (57,9%). Ekspresi MMP-9 overekspresi ditemukan pada KGB N2 dan N3 sebesar 2 subjek (10,5%). Ekspresi MMP-9 overekspresi ditemukan pada grading histopatologi poorly differentiated sebesar 5 subjek (26,3%). Ekspresi MMP-9 overekspresi ditemukan pada stadium lanjut sebesar 13 subjek (68,4%). Ekspresi MMP-9 overekspresi ditemukan pada lokasi tumor seluruh laring sebesar 12 subjek (63,2%). Kesimpulan : Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara ekspresi MMP-9 dengan ukuran tumor (p = 0,364), metastasis KGB (p = 0,364), grading histopatologi (p = 0,147), stadium tumor (p = 0,637) dan lokasi tumor (0,709).