Korelasi Antara Kadar Vitamin D Plasma Darah dengan Derajat Keparahan Psoriasis

Abstract

Backgroud: Psoriasis is a chronic disease that is mediated by the immune system, especially against the skin and joints. There are several factors that affect psoriasis, namely genetic, epigenetic and environmental, one of which is vitamin D. Vitamin D is a fat soluble steroid that is mainly synthesized in the skin and lately it is thought to play a role in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis. Until now there are still differences in research results regarding the role of vitamin D in psoriasis. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the correlation between blood plasma vitamin D levels and the severity of psoriasis. Objectives: To find out if there is a correlation between blood plasma vitamin D levels and the severity of psoriasis. Subjects and methods: This study is an analytic study with a cross-sectional study design, using 44 blood samples of psoriasis patients stored in the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. All blood plasma samples underwent examination of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Clinical data and the severity of psoriasis in the form of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) values were obtained from previous patient clinical records. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and presented in a frequency distribution table. Furthermore, data processing was performed with Spearman's statistical test to see the correlation between blood plasma vitamin D levels and the severity of psoriasis. Result: Statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between blood plasma vitamin D levels and the severity of psoriasis, with a p value of 0.878. Conclusion: There is no correlation between blood plasma vitamin D levels and the severity of psoriasis.

Latar belakang: Psoriasis merupakan penyakit kronik yang dimediasi oleh sistem imunitas terutama terhadap kulit dan sendi. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi psoriasis yaitu genetik, epigenetik dan lingkungan, salah satunya vitamin D. Vitamin D merupakan steroid larut lemak yang terutama disintesis di kulit dan belakangan ini diduga berperan pada penyakit autoimun seperti psoriasis. Sampai sekarang masih terdapat perbedaan hasil penelitian mengenai peran vitamin D pada psoriasis. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin D plasma darah dengan derajat keparahan psoriasis. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi kadar vitamin D plasma darah dengan derajat keparahan psoriasis. Subjek penelitian dan metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan rancangan studi potong lintang, menggunakan 44 sampel darah pasien psoriasis yang tersimpan di Laboratorium Terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara. Seluruh sampel plasma darah tersebut menjalani pemeriksaan Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Data klinis dan derajat keparahan psoriasis berupa nilai Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) didapatkan dari catatan klinis pasien sebelumnya. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pengolahan data dengan uji statistik Spearman untuk melihat korelasi antara kadar vitamin D plasma darah dan derajat keparahan psoriasis. Hasil: Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak korelasi antara kadar vitamin D plasma darah dan derajat keparahan psoriasis, dengan nilai p yaitu 0.878. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar vitamin D plasma darah dengan derajat keparahan psoriasis.