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    Isolasi, Identifikasi dan Uji Potensi Actinomycetes dalam Meningkatkan Ketersediaan Hara Fosfat Tanah Andisol

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    Date
    2020
    Author
    Alfikri, M. Reza
    Advisor(s)
    Sabrina, T
    Sahar, Asmarlaili
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    Abstract
    Phosphate plays an a very important role in plants growth and their production. Andisol soil has a high phosphate retention that causes the availability of P in the soil low, and Actinomycetes able to dissolve phosphates in the soil. This research aimed to obtain the potential Actinomycetes to dissolve P from Andisol soil. This research was conducted in 4 stages, that were: 1. To isolate Actinomycetes from Andisol soil; 2. To find the potential Actinomycetes to dissolve several phosphate sources (Ca3(PO4)2; AlPO4 and FePO4) on Pikovskaya medium; 3. To find the potential of Actinomycetes to dissolve P in Andisol soil, this incubation study conducted using the factorial randomized block design with 2 factors, the selected Actinomycetes from the previous stage and soil water content (50%, 75% and 100% of field capacity); and 4. To identify the most potential Actinomycetes in dissolving P by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The result obtained 17 isolates of P solvent Actinomycetes from Andisol soil at 5 different locations. The obtained Actinomycetes had different ability in dissolving P on solid Pikovskaya medium with various phosphate sources (Ca3(PO4)2; AlPO4 and FePO4 ). After 40 days of incubation, Actinomycetes increased the P available in the soils from 42.46 ppm in control into 159.20 - 266.60 ppm, soil respiration 98.28 - 133.80 mg CO2 week-1 and Actinomycetes population (27.33 x 108 - 31.58 x 108 CFU mL-1 ) and reduced P retention of Andisol soils from 97.3% into 86.22% and also decreased soil pH (4.41). the water content treatment showed that 100% to field capacity was the best in increasing soil pH, Actinomycetes population and soil respiration. Molecular identification of Actinomycetes which had the best potential in dissolving P indicates that was Nocardia sp. KK-F5; Streptomyces collinus Tu 365; Actinoplanes cibodasensis strain LIPI11-2-Ac042; Micromonospora sp. 2602HV4; and Actinoplanes sp. TD028. Genus Actinoplanes sp. dissolves the highest P compared to others.
     
    Retensi fosfat yang tinggi pada tanah Andisol menyebabkan P-tersedia menjadi rendah. Unsur hara fosfat memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Actinomycetes memiliki kemampuan untuk melarutkan fosfat yang terikat di tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Actinomycetes pada tanah Andisol yang mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan fosfat. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan 4 tahap yaitu: 1. Isolasi dan Purifikasi; 2. Uji potensi Actinomycetes pada media Pikovskaya dengan beberapa sumber fosfat (Ca3(PO4)2; AlPO4 dan FePO4); 3. uji potensi Actinomycetes pada tanah Andisol menggunakan metode rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu isolat Actinomycetes terseleksi dan kadar air tanah (50%, 75% dan 100% dari kapasitas lapang); dan 4. Identifikasi Actinomycetes terseleksi dilakukan secara molekuler dengan gen rRNA 16s. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 17 isolat Actinomycetes pelarut P dari tanah Andisol pada 5 lokasi berbeda. Actinomycetes yang diperoleh memiliki kemampuan yang berbeda dalam melarutkan P pada media Pykovskaya padat dengan berbagai sumber fosfat (Ca3(PO4)2; AlPO4 dan FePO4. Setelah 40 hari diinkubasi Actinomycetes mampu meningkatkan P-tersedia tanah dari 42.46 ppm menjadi 159.20 - 266.60 ppm, respirasi tanah meningkat menjadi 98.28 - 133.80 mg CO2 minggu-1 dan populasi Actinomycetes (27.33 x 108 – 31.58 x 108 CFU mL-1 serta dapat menurunkan retensi P tanah Andisol dari 97.3% menjadi 86.22% dan pH tanah (4.41). Kadar Air 100% terbaik dalam meningkatkan pH tanah, populasi Actinomycetes dan respirasi tanah. Identifikasi molekuler dari Actinomycetes yang memiliki potensi terbaik dalam melarutkan P adalah Nocardia sp. KK-F5; Streptomyces collinus Tu 365; Actinoplanes cibodasensis strain LIPI11-2-Ac042 ; Micromonospora sp. 2602HV4; dan Actinoplanes sp. TD028. Genus Actinoplanes sp. melarutkan P lebih banyak dibandingkan lainnya.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/29004
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV