Efektifitas Tumbuhan Air dalam Menyerap Logam Berat (Cr, Hg, Pb) Secara Fitoremediasi pada Lindi Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Kota Banda Aceh

Abstract

Aquatic plants have the ability to reduce and transport pollutants, especially heavy metals. In recent years various researchers have continued to carry out investigations as technological developments continue to develop. Hyperaccumulator is a very limited type of plant. Therefore this type of plant serti is still very necessary, especially in the conduct of this research. The purpose of this study is 1. To determine the type of aquatic plants that are the best in absorbing heavy metals (Cr, Hg, and Pb). 2. To get the effectiveness of absorption of heavy metals by aquatic plants by phytoremediation. So that sustainable waste disposal in the Banda Aceh City Landfill is more structured. Variations in the types of plants used in the study were torch (Typha latifolia), water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and kiambang (Pistia stratiotes). Phytoremediation of heavy metals was carried out for 4 weeks with sampling time on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The parameters analyzed were the concentration of heavy metals Cr, Hg, and Pb in the seedlings, number of roots, number of leaves, and total leaf petals. Physical observations of plants were also carried out to support this research. The results showed the reactor with water hyacinth test plant (Eichhornia crassipes) had the highest Hg metal absorption rate with a concentration of 500 ppm of 148.56 ppm, and was followed by torch plants (Typha latifolia) and kiambang (Pistia stratiotes) each of 137 .00 and 46.99 ppm. The influence of Pb and Cr metal uptake on test plants found in torch (Typha latifolia) plants was higher at 147.26 ppm and 137.55 ppm compared to water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) 133.52 ppm and 116 10 ppm and the pith (strandotes) at 64.18 ppm and 57.03 ppm. The torch (Typha latifolia) plant is the most effective in absorbing Pb metal because it has the highest absorption percentage of 36.614% of the Hg and Cr metals of 35.13% and 35.42%, respectively. After the treatment of Hg, Cr and Pb on leachate water showed an increase especially in the concentration of Cr in the torch plant (Typha latifolia). Overall concentrations of Hg, Cr and Pb in leachate water both before and after treatment showed a decrease. The results of the analysis by t-test or p-value> 0.05 with a confidence level of 95%. Henceforth, these plants can be recommended to be applied in the final disposal environment by making absorption wells in diluted leachate. This plant can be used as an alternative plant phytoremediation in absorbing heavy metals.