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    Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Mekanisme Kerja Komponen Kimia Umbi Rarugadong (Dioscorea pyrifolia Kunth.) Terhadap Kebocoran Sel Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

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    Date
    2020
    Author
    Mierza, Vriezka
    Advisor(s)
    Rosidah
    Haro, Ginda
    Suryanto, Dwi
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    Abstract
    Bacterial immunity against antibiotics causes increased mortality. In dealing with this problem, studies have been carried out, one of which is by utilizing natural medicinal ingredients such as the rarugadong (Dioscorea pyrifolia Kunth.) tuber, Dioscoreaceae. The rarugadong is one of the medicinal plants that has not been widely studied and it is known that there has been no research on the activity of components of chemical compounds as antibacterial as well as the antibacterial mechanism of action of rarugadong plants, especially tubers, so that this research will be tested for antibacterial activity, mechanism of action against bacterial cell leakage and component analysis of chemical compounds in it. Research conducted includes: collection and identification of plants, processing plants into simplex powder, characterization of simplex powder, variations in extraction methods, phytochemical screening of simplex powders and extracts, determination of diameter of inhibitory zones of extracts by wells diffusion method and analysis of extract chemical compounds using thin layer chromatography (TLC); testing the antibacterial activity of the active extract by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum kill concentration in vitro, fractionation of ethylacetate extract using vacuum liquid chromatography, determination of the diameter of inhibition zone of fractions, analysis of groups of active fraction chemical compounds using TLC and bioautography of active fraction; testing the mechanism of action of antibacterial extracts and active fractions using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, atomic absorption spectrometry and electron microscopy and also analysis of chemical components of active fractions using liquid chromatography mass spectrometers / mass spectrometers (LC-MS / MS). The results of research that have been carried out are known that rarugadong tubers have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The extraction method that produces the strongest antibacterial activity is the multilevel percolation method using ethylacetate solvent. Groups of chemical compounds found in the powder simplicia and rarugadong tuber extract (Dioscorea pyrifolia Kunth.) are alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, anthraquinone glycosides, tannins and triterpenoids. Groups of chemical compounds found in hexane extract are triterpenoids and steroids. The chemical compounds found in ethylacetate extract are polyphenol compounds, such as tannins and flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides. Groups of chemical compounds found in methanol extracts are polyphenol compounds and glycosides. Groups of chemical compounds that have the strongest antibacterial activity from bioautographic data and TLC tests show the presence of polyphenol compounds. The mechanism of bacterial cell leakage caused by extracts and fractions of rarugadong tubers can be proven by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results of LC-MS / MS analysis in the active fraction showed that the active fraction contained polyphenol chemical compounds, one of which was the biggest compound dibutylphthalate.
     
    Kekebalan bakteri terhadap antibiotik menyebabkan angka kematian semakin meningkat. Dalam menghadapi masalah tersebut, dilakukan penelitianpenelitian, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan bahan-bahan obat alam seperti umbi rarugadong (Dioscorea pyrifolia Kunth.) famili Dioscoreaceae. Tumbuhan rarugadong merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat yang belum banyak diteliti dan diketahui belum ada penelitian tentang aktivitas komponen senyawa kimia sebagai antibakteri serta mekanisme kerja antibakteri dari tumbuhan rarugadong terutama umbinya, sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri, mekanisme kerja terhadap kebocoran sel bakteri dan analisis komponen senyawa kimia di dalamnya. Penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi: pengumpulan dan identifikasi tumbuhan, pengolahan tumbuhan menjadi serbuk simplisia, karakterisasi serbuk simplisia, variasi metode ekstraksi, skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak, penentuan diameter zona hambat ekstrak dengan metode difusi agar sumur/lubang dan analisis golongan senyawa kimia ekstrak menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT); pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak aktif dengan menentukan konsentrasi hambat minimum dan konsentrasi bunuh minimum secara in vitro, fraksinasi ekstrak etilasetat menggunakan kromatografi cair vakum (KCV), penentuan diameter zona hambat fraksi-fraksi, analisis golongan senyawa kimia fraksi aktif menggunakan KLT dan uji bioautografi fraksi aktif; pengujian mekanisme kerja antibakteri ekstrak dan fraksi aktif menggunakan spektrofotometer ultraviolet, spektrometer serapan atom (SSA) dan mikroskop elektron serta analisis komponen senyawa kimia fraksi aktif menggunakan kromatografi cair spektrometer massa / spektrometer massa (Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometer / Mass Spectrometer atau LC-MS/MS). Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diketahui umbi rarugadong memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode ekstraksi yang menghasilkan aktivitas paling kuat yang bersifat antibakteri adalah metode perkolasi bertingkat menggunakan pelarut etilasetat. Golongan senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak umbi rarugadong (Dioscorea pyrifolia Kunth.) adalah alkaloida, flavonoida, glikosida, saponin, antrakuinon glikosida, tanin dan triterpenoid. Golongan senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada ekstrak heksana adalah triterpenoid dan steroid. Golongan senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada ekstrak etilasetat adalah senyawa polifenol, seperti tanin dan flavonoid, alkaloid dan glikosida. Golongan senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada ekstrak metanol adalah senyawa polifenol dan glikosida. Golongan senyawa kimia yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling kuat dari data bioautografi dan uji KLT menunjukkan adanya senyawa polifenol. Mekanisme kebocoran sel bakteri yang diakibatkan ekstrak dan fraksi umbi rarugadong dapat dibuktikan dengan spektrofotometri ultraviolet, atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Hasil analisis LC-MS/MS pada fraksi aktif menunjukkan Fraksi aktif mengandung komponen senyawa kimia polifenol, salah satu yang terbesarnya adalah senyawa dibutilphtalat.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/29540
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
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