Keanekaragaman Ikan di Lau Kawar Desa, Kuta Gugung, Kabupaten Karo, Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

The research of fish diversity in Lau Kawar Lake, Kutagugung Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatera Province was conducted in July 2019 with the aim to analyz Fish diversity and its relationship to the physical-chemical factors of the waters. The research method used purposive sampling by determining three sampling stations based on activities around the station. Relative density, diversity index and uniformity index was used as data analysis. Physical parameters of water chemistry measured include temperature, turbidity, light intensity, light penetration, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, NH3, NO3, PO4, Fe, Mn and oxygen saturation. Ten species of fish were classified into two classes (Osteichtyes, Actinopterygii), four orders (Perciformes, Siluriformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Cypriniformes) and six families (Gobiidae, Cichilidae, Pangasidae, Clariidae, Cyprinidae, Cyprinidae). The most of the obtained fish in Lau Kawar Lake were belonge to Poecillia wingei spesies by 101 species. The highest diversity index was belonge to station 1 by of value index 1.43 and the lowest index at station 3 with a value of 1.14. The correlation value between fish diversity index and physical chemical factors of water in very strong category showed by light penetration, dissolved oxygen, BOD5 and saturation oxygen and for strong category was showed by temperature.

Penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman ikan di Danau Lau Kawar, Desa Kutagugung, Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara telah dilaksanakan pada Juli 2019 dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman Ikan serta hubungannya terhadap faktor fisika-kimia perairan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dengan menentukan tiga stasiun pengambilan sampel berdasarkan aktivitas di sekitar stasiun tersebut. Analisis data meliputi kepadatan relatife, indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks keseragaman. Parameter fisik kimia perairan yang diukur meliputi suhu, kekeruhan, intensitas cahaya, penetrasi cahaya, pH, oksigen terlarut, BOD5, NH3, NO3, PO4, Fe, Mn dan kejenuhan oksigen. Sepuluh jenis ikan yang ditemukan diklasifikasikan ke dalam dua kelas (Osteichtyes, Actinopterygii), empat ordo (Perciformes, Siluriformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Cypriniformes) dan enam famili (Gobiidae, Cichilidae, Pangasidae, Clariidae, Cyprinidae, Poecilidae). Ikan yang paling banyak diperoleh di Danau Lau Kawar adalah spesies Poecilia wingei sebanyak 101 ekor. Indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi diperoleh pada stasiun 1 dengan nilai 1,43 dan terendah pada stasiun 3 dengan nilai 1,14. Nilai korelasi antara indeks keanekaragaman ikan dan faktor fisik kimia perairan sangat kuat diperoleh Penetrasi cahaya, Oksigen terlarut, BOD5 dan Kejenuhan oksigen dan nilai korelasi yang kuat diperoleh Suhu.