Potensi Keratinase Jamur dan Bakteri Asal Sumatra Utara

Abstract

Keratinolytic fungal activities can be utilized in the hydrolysis process of keratin waste as an alternative biotechnology to recycle and improve sales value. The present inquiry was done to isolate keratinolytic fungi and investigate its degradation capabilities on chicken feathers’ keratin. Crocodylus porosus feces and soil were collected as the research samples from several locations at Asam Kumbang Crocodile Farm, North Sumatra. Isolation was done on keratinolytic fungi by mixing 1% of casein and keratin in agar media. The isolates of fungi were breaded using liquid media of chicken feathers incubated at 28° C and shaken at 180 rpm using orbital shaker. After the keratinolytic fungi were utilized, the rest of feathers left were weighted. Four days after incubation was done, clear zone were appeared around the colonies of two fungi. Based on the observation, THB7 had the highest hydrolysis zone on casein, while FB4 had more keratin degraded on keratin agar. Most of the feathers were degraded at 10th, 12th and 16th day, each by using THB7, FB4 and TB4. The use of THB4 produced 1.6 g degraded-feathers, while the use of FB3 and FB3 remained producing 2 and 3.4 feathers, respectively from the total of 10 g feathers. Further research on keratin identification, characterization and production is required

Hidrolisis limbah keratin melibatkan aktivitas kerja jamur dapat dijadikan bioteknologi alternatif yang bertujuan mendaur ulang dan meningkatkan nilai jual dengan memanfaatkan kapabilitas keratinolitik dari jamur. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengisolasi jamur keratinolitik dan menguji kemampuan degradasinya terhadap keratin bulu ayam. Sampel kotoran buaya dan tanah dikumpulkan dari beberapa titik di lokasi penangkaran buaya Asam Kumbang, Sumatra Utara. 1% Kasein dan keratin yang dicampurkan dalam media agar digunakan untuk mengisolasi jamur keratinolitik. Isolat jamur dibiakkan menggunakan media cair bulu ayang diinkubasi pada 28 derajat Celcius dan digoncangkan pada 180 rpm menggunakan alat orbital shaker. Sisa bulu ayam selanjutnya ditimbang setelah penggunaan jamur keratinolitik. Pasca-inkubasi selama 4 hari, dua jamur terlihat memiliki clear zone di sekitar koloninya. THB7 diamati zona hidrolisis tertinggi pada kasein, sedangkan FB4 mendegradasi lebih banyak keratin yang terlihat jelas pada agar keratin. Sebagian besar bulu terdegradasi pada hari ke 10, 12, dan 16 masing-masing pada penggunaan THB7, FB4 dan TB4. THB4 mendegradasi bulu menjadi 1.6 g, sedangkan FB3 dan FB4 tetap dalam bentuk bulu masing-masing sebesar 2 dan 3.4 dari 10 g. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan untuk dilakukan mengenai identifikasi, karakterisasi, dan produksi keratin