Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Sikkam (Bischofia javanica) Terhadap Gambaran Histologis Ginjal Tikus (Rattus norvegcicus) Yang Diinduksi Diabetes Dengan Aloksan

Abstract

The effect of an ethanol extract of bishopwood (Bischofia javanica) leaves on the histological feature of the kidney in the alloxan-induced diabetic rat (Rattus norvegicus) was studied from February 2020 to November 2020. Bishopwood is an herbaceous plant that is traditionally used as an antidiabetic. The effect of bishopwood leaves on diabetic kidneys still needs to be studied. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of ethanol extract of bishopwood leaves on kidney histology, especially in reducing basement membrane thickess and the number of mesangial cells in the glomerulus. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 6 treatments, with three control groups (negative control, alloxan control, and glibenclamide group of 0.45 mg/Kg BW) and three extract groups, where rats were given bishopwood leaves ethanol extract of 300, 600, or 900 mg/kg body weight. The treatment was carried out for 28 days, then the rats were dissected, the kidneys were taken to be weighed, made tissue section using the paraffin method stain with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE staining). The treatment affected kidney weight and morphometry, especially on the 900 mg/kg body weight group, which had a higher average than other groups. The ethanol extract of bishopwood leaves decreased the glomerular basement membrane's thickness and kidney glomerular mesangial cells. The result indicates that the ethanol extract of bishopwood leaves could positively affect the kidney's damage caused by diabetes

Penelitian tentang pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun sikkam (Bischofia javanica) terhadap gambaran histologi ginjal tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi diabetes dengan aloksan telah dilakukan dari bulan Februari 2020 sampai dengan November 2020. Daun sikkam merupakan tumbuhan herba yang dimanfaatkan sebagai antidiabetes. Efek daun sikkam dalam mengobati kerusakan ginjal diabetes masih perlu diteliti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sikkam pada histologi ginjal yaitu mengurangi penebalan membran basalis dan jumlah sel mesangial glomerulus. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan, yaitu kontrol K(-) kontrol aloksan K(+), dan empat kelompok perlakuan yaitu perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun sikkam 300 (K1), 600 (K2), 900 (K3) dan glibenklamid 0,45 mg/KgBB (K4). Perlakuan dilakukan selama 28 hari kemudian tikus dibedah untuk diambil organ ginjal, ditimbang dan dibuat preparat menggunakan metode parafin dengan pewarnaan Hematoxylin dan Eosin (HE). Hasil pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sikkam berpengaruh terhadap berat ginjal dan morfometri ginjal, terutama pada P3 yang memiliki rata-rata lebih tinggi dari perlakuan lain. Ekstrak etanol daun sikkam memberikan penurunan terhadap ketebalan membran basalis glomerulus, dan jumlah sel mesangial glomerulus ginjal sehingga dapat memperbaiki kerusakan pada organ ginjal akibat diabetes.