Gambaran Imunoekspresi p53 Mutan pada Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Sinonasal

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma of sinonasal (SCC) is a malignant tumor in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses that was established based on the results of histopathologic examination. p53 protein is one of the tumor suppressor genes that plays role in apoptosis, differentiation, cellular aging, inhibiting the cell cycle and angiogenesis. Aim: To determine the expression of p53 mutant in squamous cell carcinoma of sinonasal Method : The observational study was done in Anatomic Pathology Laboratory of H. Adam Malik Medan General Hospital, by examining 30 paraffin blocks with immunohistochemical stainning. Result : Patients with SCC of the sinonasal was found higher in age of 41-60(63,3%), male (63,3%). Non keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma type was found in 21 samples (70%) and stage IV tumor in 11 sample (36,7%). Conclusion : The expression of p53 protein mutant were observed mostly in non keratinizing type SCC of the sinonasal. No significant correlation between histopathologic type, tumor stadium and the expression of p53 protein mutant. p value=0,440 (p>0,05).

Karsinoma sel skuamosa sinonasal merupakan tumor ganas yang terdapat pada kavum nasi dan sinus paranasal yang ditegakkan berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi. Salah satu gen penekan tumor (tumor suppressor genes) yaitu protein p53 yang berfungsi untuk menghambat siklus sel, apoptosis, diferensiasi, penuaan sel dan menghambat angiogenesis. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui ekspresi p53 mutan pada karsinoma sel skuamosa sinonasal. Metode : Penelitian observasional yang dilakukan di RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan pada laboratorium Patologi Anatomi dengan pemeriksaan immunohistokimia pada blok parafin dan data sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 sampel. Hasil Penelitian : Penderita karsinoma sel skuamosa sinonasal (SCC) paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok umur 41-60 tahun (63,3%), laki-laki (63,3%), dan tipe non keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma 21 jaringan (70%), stadium klinis yang terbanyak dijumpai pada stadium IV dengan 11 jaringan (36,7%). Kesimpulan: Ekspresi protein p53 mutan yang terbanyak ditemukan pada tipe non keratinizaing squamous cell carcinoma. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis histopatologi, stadium tumor terhadap ekspresi protein p53 mutan dengan nilai p=0,440 (p>0,05).