Pengaruh pemberian Ekstrak Umbi Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoiea batatas L) Terhadap Aktivitas Glutation Peroksidase (GPx) dan Histopatologi Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus L) setelah Latihan Fisik Maksimal

Abstract

Background: Maximal physical exercise increases free radical production because of increase in metabolism. On the other hand there is a decrease of blood flow and metabolism in the kidneys that finally produce free radicals. Free radicals are formed in the kidneys will cause an imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant endogenous, one of them is the enzyme glutathione peroxidase which activity will decrease causing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes damage to the renal tissue. Provision of exogenous antioxidants can be recommended to prevent tissue damage due to the effects of free radicals. Methods: To know the effect of purple sweet potato extracts of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase activity and renal histopathology after maximal physical exercise has been studied on 30 adult male white mice strains DD Webster, with a post-test only design. Mice were divided into 6 groups where each group consists of 5 mice. Post-exercise samples were collected after exercise protocol of exhausting swimming without water extract of purple sweet potato and with water extract of purple sweet potato and the activity of enzyme glutathione peroxidase was measured. Samples were also collected from control group without water extract of purple sweet potato and with water extract of purple sweet potato. Furthermore assessed degree of renal impairment mice. Results: The result showed there no significant differences in the activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (p> 0.05) and there significant differences on the degree of renal impairment mice (p <0.05). The extract did not repair the renal damage. Conclusion: Based on these results it can be concluded that the extract of purple sweet potato (Ipomoiea batatas L) is less active influence in increasing the activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase and repair the damage to the kidneys of mice males (Mus musculus L) were given a maximal physical exercise.

Latar belakang: Latihan fisik maksimal meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas karena adanya peningkatan metabolisme. Di sisi lain terjadi penurunan aliran darah dan metabolisme pada ginjal yang akhirnya menghasilkan radikal bebas. Radikal bebas yang terbentuk pada ginjal menyebabkan terjadinya ketidakseimbangan antara prooksidan dan antioksidan endogen tubuh, salah satunya enzim glutation peroksidase dimana aktivitasnya akan menurun sehingga menimbulkan stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatif menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan jaringan ginjal. Pemberian antioksidan eksogen dapat dianjurkan untuk menghindari kerusakan jaringan akibat pengaruh dari radikal bebas. Metode: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak umbi ubi jalar ungu terhadap aktivitas enzim glutation peroksidase dan histopatologi ginjal setelah latihan fisik maksimal telah dilakukan penelitian pada 30 ekor mencit putih jantan dewasa strain DD Webster, dengan rancangan penelitian post test only, control group design. Mencit dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok dimana masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor mencit. Setelah diberikan perlakuan renang sampai mencit kelelahan dengan dan tanpa pemberian ekstrak umbi ubi jalar ungu, dilakukan pengambilan organ ginjal mencit serta dilakukan pemeriksaan aktivitas enzim glutation peroksidase. Hal yang sama dilakukan pada kelompok kontrol dengan dan tanpa pemberian ekstrak umbi ubi jalar ungu. Selanjutnya dinilai derajat kerusakan ginjal mencit. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan tidak bermakna pada aktivitas enzim glutation peroksidase (p > 0,05) dan terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada derajat kerusakan ginjal mencit (p < 0,05). Pemberian ekstrak tidak memperbaiki kerusakan ginjal. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak umbi ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoiea batatas L) kurang berpengaruh aktif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas enzim glutation peroksidase dan memperbaiki kerusakan pada ginjal mencit (Mus musculus L) jantan yang diberi latihan fisik maksimal.