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    Pemanfaatan Gas Buang Pabrik Kelapa Sawit sebagai Pemanas Air Umpan Ketel Uap dengan Alat Penukar Kalor Shell and Tube

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    Date
    2007
    Author
    Situmorang, Hady
    Advisor(s)
    Napitupulu, Farel H.
    Sembiring, Merdang
    Sitorus, Tulus B.
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    Abstract
    Penelitian ini dibuat bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat gas buang pabrik kelapa sawit yang masih mengandung energi panas. Pemanfaatan gas buang tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pemanas air umpan ketel uap dengan mempergunakan alat penukar kalor shell and tube satu pass. Adapun peralatan yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini dirancang dan dibuat berdasarkan hasil simulasi dengan program Visual Basic. Peralatan ini terdiri dari rangkaian tabung sebanyak 271 buah, dengan ukuran diameter 26,67 mm, panjang 1,50 m, susunan segitiga, sekat 8 buah, buffle cut 25 % dan diameter shell 0.611 m. Adapun bahan tabung yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mild steel. Fluida air dialirkan di sisi shell dan gas buang dialirkan di dalam tube. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan memvariasikan laju aliran fluida air dengan temperatur dan laju aliran. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa efektivitas dipengaruhi oleh besarnya kalor diserap fluida dingin hingga batas maksimum dan turunnya temperatur gas buang yang keluar dari alat penukar kalor hingga batas maksimum. Efektivitas yang paling efektif adalah = 55,96 % pada laju aliran 1,60 kg/s.
     
    The objective of this research was to know the application of palm oil Mill’s gas exchaustive containing the thermal energy. The utilization of the exhaustive gas can be used as feed water heater of boiler by using a single-pass shell and tube calorie-exchanger. The tool used in this research was designed based on simulation result with Visual Basic Program. This experimental set up consisted of : 271 tubes by dimension : diameter 26.67 mm length 1.50 m, triangle structure, buffle cut 25% and shell diameter 0.11 m. The tube material used in this experimental set up was mild steel. Water fluid was flown in shell side and exhaustive gas was flown in the tube. The measurement was made by varying water fluid flow rate with constant temperature and flow rate. The result of research indicated that the effectiveness was effected by the magnitude of calorie absorbed by cold fluid until maximum limit and the decreased of gas exhaustive temperature discharged from calorie- exhanger until maximum limit. The best effectiveness was = 55,96 % in flow rate of 1.60 kg/s.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/35419
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV