Hubungan antara Paparan Bising dan Lipid Profile serta Terjadinya Gangguan Pendengaran pada Pekerja Pabrik Minyak Goreng

Abstract

Introduction: Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is the most common complication caused by exposure to noise, although there are some other complications as a result of exposure to noise. Metabolic complications from exposure to noise has been evaluated in several studies. Purpose: To examine the relationship between NIHL and lipid profile in workers exposed to noise in workplace. Method: The study design is analytic descriptive with cross-sectional study. Data collection was done through interviews, audiometry screening and lipid profile examinations. Result: The average intensity of 98 dB noise part process and non-process ranges from 46-98 dB. The results of audiometric examination of the 50 workers who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria were found 26 people (52%) NIHL sensoryneural hearing loss and 24 people (48%) did not experience NIHL. We found a significant association between noise exposure in workers with elevated levels of TG, TC, LDL and decreased HDL levels (p<0.05). There is a high correlation TG levels against the NIHL in workers exposed to noise >85 dB (p<0.05) and no correlation was found elevated levels of TC, LDL and decreased HDL levels against the NIHL (p>0.05). Conclusions: In this study, the relationship between hyperlipidemia with NIHL, found that workers with hypertriglyceridemia levels greater risk of suffering NIHL in workers exposed to noise >85 dB.

Pendahuluan: Gangguan pendengaran akibat bising (GPAB) adalah komplikasi yang paling umum yang disebabkan oleh paparan terhadap bising, meskipun ada beberapa komplikasi lain akibat paparan bising. Komplikasi metabolik dari paparan terhadap bising telah dievaluasi dalam beberapa penelitian. Tujuan: Untuk meneliti hubungan antara GPAB dan kadar lipid profile pada pekerja yang terpapar bising di lingkungan kerja Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan cross-sectional study. Data diperoleh melalui proses wawancara, pemeriksaan audiometri dan pemeriksaan kadar lipid profile. Hasil Penelitian: Rata-rata intensitas kebisingan bagian proses 98 dB dan non-proses berkisar antara 46-98 dB. Hasil pemeriksaan audiometri terhadap 50 pekerja yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi didapati 26 orang (52%) GPAB tuli sensorineural dan 24 orang (48%) tidak mengalami GPAB. Kami menemukan hubungan signifikan antara paparan bising pada pekerja dengan peningkatan kadar TG, TC, LDL dan penurunan kadar HDL (p<0,05). Terdapat hubungan kadar TG yang tinggi terhadap terjadinya GPAB pada pekerja yang terpapar bising >85 dB (p<0,05) dan tidak dijumpai hubungan peningkatan kadar TC, LDL dan penurunan kadar HDL terhadap terjadinya GPAB (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini, terdapat hubungan antara hiperlipidemia dengan GPAB, dijumpai bahwa pekerja dengan kadar hipertrigliseridemia berisiko lebih besar menderita GPAB pada pekerja yang terpapar bising >85 dB.