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    Penerapan Regionalisme Kritis pada Bangunan Fasilitas Wisata untuk Meningkatkan Nilai dan Image Kawasan Studi Kasus: Hotel Resort di Tongging, Sumatera Utara

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    Date
    2011
    Author
    Maulana, Sherlly
    Advisor(s)
    Loebis, M. Nawawiy
    Ong, Henry Iskandar
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    Abstract
    Science and economic globalization impact has caused Danau Toba Tourism Area, especially Parapat, lose its identity resulting in the decline in the value and image of that area which is characterized by enviromental quality degradation and reducing number of tourists visiting this area. Critical regionalism is the regionalism contemporary trend which emerges as the reaction to universalization, culture homogeneity, and placeless modernism as the effect of globalization. Critical regionalism is an appropriate strategy that can be used in architecture design especially in designing tourism facilities such as resort hotels in Danau Toba Tourism Area. The purpose of critical regionalism application as thematic design was to improve and strengthen the identity of the area through optimal utilization of regional potentials. Tongging Village in Karo District was selected as location of study due to its high natural tourism potentials, increasing number of tourist visits, and Parapat-like tourism industry development tendency. The design approach used applied the function of self-evaluation through defamiliarization method by looking for, observing, and processing the basic regional elements available based on the variabel of critical regionalism such as basic and local context, climate, space quality, and vernacular element interpretation. The works of Geoffrey Bawa with regional architectural character was analyzed as comparative study to learn the pattern of thought and decision making for the design with the theme of critical regionalism. The result of this study showed that the concept of design exploring basic potential and local context in the forms of visual quality, condition of topography, and natural potentials as the identity of that area. Tropical architecture as the form of climate-adapted building was applied ini building orientation, form of building mass, space organization, building construction, micro-climate improvement, and building material selection. The concept of space in that area provided a chance to the visitors to enjoy the natural potentials owned by the site. Karonese vernacular element interpretation, especially the values of agrarian culture, kinship, religion and belief, produced a new form of symbiosis and became building identity. Key Word: Globalization Impact, Regional Identity, Critical Regionalism, Regional Potentials
     
    Dampak globalisasi ekonomi dan pengetahuan telah menyebabkan Kawasan Wisata Danau Toba, terutama di Parapat, kehilangan identitas yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan nilai dan image kawasan. Hal ini ditandai dengan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan dan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan di kawasan ini. Regionalisme kritis adalah trend kontemporer regionalisme yang muncul sebagai reaksi terhadap universalisasi, homogenitas budaya, dan placeless modernism akibat globalisasi. Regionalisme kritis merupakan strategi tepat yang dapat digunakan dalam rancangan arsitektur di Kawasan Wisata Danau Toba, terutama rancangan fasilitas wisata, seperti hotel resort. Tujuan dari penerapan regionalisme kritis sebagai tema rancangan adalah untuk memperbaiki dan memperkuat identitas kawasan melalui pemanfaatan optimal potensi-potensi regional. Desa Tongging, Kabupaten Karo, dipilih sebagai lokasi studi karena memiliki potensi wisata alam yang tinggi, jumlah kunjungan wisatawan yang cenderung meningkat, namun memiliki kecenderungan pembangunan industri wisata yang meniru Parapat. Pendekatan perancangan menerapkan fungsi evaluasi diri melalui metode defamiliarization, yaitu mencari, mengamati, dan mengolah elemen-elemen regional yang ada di tapak berdasarkan variabel regionalisme kritis, yaitu tapak dan lokal konteks, iklim, kualitas ruang, dan interpretasi elemen vernakular. Analisis terhadap karya-karya Geoffrey Bawa dengan karakter arsitektur regional sebagai studi banding dilakukan untuk mempelajari pola pikir dan pengambilan keputusan desain dengan tema regionalisme kritis. Hasil analisis menghasilkan konsep rancangan yang mengeksplorasi potensi tapak dan lokal konteks berupa kualitas visual, kondisi topografi, dan potensi alam sebagai identitas kawasan. Arsitektur tropis sebagai bentuk adaptasi bangunan terhadap iklim diterapkan dalam orientasi bangunan, bentuk massa bangunan, organisasi ruang, konstruksi bangunan, perbaikan iklim mikro, dan pemilihan material bangunan. Konsep ruang pada kawasan memberikan kesempatan kepada pengunjung untuk dapat menikmati potensi-potensi alam yang dimiliki oleh tapak. Interpretasi elemen vernakular Karo terutama nilai-nilai budaya agraris, kekeluargaan, agama dan kepercayaan, serta budaya melahirkan bentuk simbiosis baru dan menjadi identitas bangunan. Kata Kunci: Dampak Globalisasi, Identitas Kawasan, Regionalisme Kritis, Potensi Regional.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/36919
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV