Hubungan Sindrom Metabolik dengan Mild Cognitive Impairment pada Usia Paruh Baya

Abstract

Background:Metabolic syndrome patients with obesity, hypertension, dislipidemia and glucose intolerance not only have risk of cardiovascular disease but also have the increase risk of cognitive impairment event and Alzheimer disease in old age. This study was done to know the association between metabolic syndrome with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle age. Methods:A cross sectional study by taking non random sample with consecutive method in middle age patient with metabolic syndrome that was treated in outpatient clinic of internal medicine in H. Adam Malik General Hospital during period of 1st July up to 31th December 2009. Waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were measured, and cognitive function test was measured by using MMSE and CDT Results:It was found 26 patients with metabolic syndrome that was consist of 11 male (42,3%) and 15 female (57,7%). The mean of waist circumference was 93,00 (SD 8,75) cm, the mean of sistolic blood pressure was 143,27 (SD 12,07) mmHg, the mean of diastolic blood pressure was 87,50 (SD 6,96) mmHg, the mean of triglycerides was 191,99 (SD 110,74) mg/dL, the mean of HDL cholesterol was 36,81 (SD 5,76) mg/dL, and the mean of fasting blood glucose was 141,23 (SD 34,70) mg/dL. As many as 9 patients with metabolic syndrome (34,6%) have mild cognitive impairment. From the independent sample test, it was found that there was no significant correlation between waist circumference (p=0,316), sistolic blood pressure (p=0,494), diastolic blood pressure (p=0,310), triglycerides (p=0,504), HDL cholesterol (p=0,648) with MCI. It was found the significant correlation between blood fasting glucose with MCI (p=0,044). Conclusion: Fasting blood glucose value has significant correlation with mild cognitive impairment in group of middle age Metabolic Syndrome patients.

Latar Belakang:Penderita Sindrom Metabolik dengan obesitas, hipertensi, dislipidemi dan intoleransi glukosa tidak hanya mempunyai resiko penyakit jantung tetapi juga terdapat peningkatan resiko terjadinya gangguan fungsi kognitif dan penyakit Alzheimer pada masa tuanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan sindrom metabolik dengan Mild Cognitive Impairment pada usia paruh baya. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan pengambilan sampel secara non random dengan metode konsekutif pada penderita sindrom metabolik usia paruh baya yang berobat jalan di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUP.H.Adam Malik Medan selama priode 1 Juli sampai 31 Desember 2009. Dilakukan pemeriksaan lingkar pinggang, tekanan darah, trigliserida, HDL kolesterol, KGD puasa dan pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif menggunakan MMSE dan CDR. Hasil:Didapati 26 penderita Sindrom Metabolik, terdiri dari 11 orang pria (42,3%) dan 15 orang wanita (57,7%). Nilai rerata lingkar pinggang 93,00 (SD 8,75) cm, nilai rerata tekanan darah sistolik 143,27 (SD 12,07) mmHg, nilai rerata tekanan darah diastolik 87,50 (SD 6,96) mmHg, nilai rerata Trigliserida 191,99 (SD 110,74) mg/dL, nilai rerata HDL kolesterol 36,81 (SD 5,76) mg/dL, Nilai rerata KGD puasa 141,23 (SD 34,70) mg/dL. Sebanyak 9 penderita Sindrom Metabolik (34,6%) mengalami Mild Cognitive Impairment. Dari uji independent sample test didapati tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara lingkar pinggang (p=0,316), tekanan darah sisitolik (p=0,494), tekanan darah diastolik (p=0,310), trigliserida (p=0,504), HDL kolesterol (p=0,648) dengan MCI. Didapati hubungan yang bermakna antara nilai KGD puasa dengan MCI (p=0,44) Kesimpulan:Nilai KGD puasa memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan Mild Cognitive Impairment pada kelompok penderita Sindrom Metabolik usia paruh baya.