Analisis Sifat Sifat Fisika Kimia dan Emisi Gas Buang dari Biodiesel B10, B20 Turunan Minyak Kacang Tanah Melalui Proses Transesterifikasi dengan Katalis KOH

Abstract

The research done Peanut oil as raw material for preparation of biodiesel, has-been transesterified process in the under conditions oil and methanol ratio of 1: 6, mass of catalyst 1.5% of the mass of oil, sushu 65°C, the mixture was stirred at 2700 rpm and over three hours,the result methyl ester (biodiesel). Biodiesel blended with diesel , that called B10 (10% biodiesel and 90% diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel). Where tested on chemical and physical properties , and the gas emission .The result were : B10 for : viscosity = 4.2166 cSt , density = 0.8195 gr/cm3, flash point = 66°C, cloud point = 3°C, water contain = 0.02%, iodine number = 20.44 gr-I2/100 gr, B20 for : viscosity = 4,2914 cSt, density =0,8210 gr/cm3, flash point= 67oC, cloud point = 5oC ,water contain = 0,03 %, iodine number =26,42 gr-I2/100 gr ,and exhaust gas emissions (CO2), CO2 diesel = 24.5%, CO2 B10 = 14.7%, CO2 B20 = 10.4%. Exhausted CO2 emission B10, B20 lower than diesel , there fore B10, B20 fuel is better for environment.

Telah dilakukan penelitian minyak kacang tanah sebagai bahan mentahnya untuk pembuatan Biodiesel melalui proses transesterifikasi pada kondisi operasi perbandingan minyak dan metanol 1 : 6, massa katalis 1,5% dari massa minyak, temperature in 65°C, kecepatan pengadukan 2700 rpm dan selama 3 jam, menghasilkan metil ester (Biodiesel). Biodiesel dicampur dengan solar disebutlah B10 (10% biodiesel dan 90% solar), B20 (20% biodiesel dan 80% solar), kemudian di uji sifat-sifat fisika kimia (karakteristik) dan emisi gas buang. Hasil pengujiannya diperoleh ,untuk B10 : viskositas = 4,2166 cSt, densitas =0,8195 gr/cm3, flash point =66oC, cloud point =3oC, kadar air =0,02%, bilangan iod =20,44 gr-I2/100 gr,untuk B20 : viskositas =4,2914 cSt, densitas = 0,8210 gr/3 , flash point = 67oC, cloud point = 5oC, kadar air = 0,03 %, bilangan iod =26,42 gr-I2/100 gr dan emisi gas buang yang mengandung CO2, CO2 solar = 24,5%, CO2 B10 = 14,7%, CO2= 10,4%. Emisi gas buang B10, B20 lebih rendah dari emisi gas buang solar, sehingga bahan bakar B10, B20 merupakan bahan bakar ramah lingkungan