| dc.description.abstract | It has been done the manufacturing of biodiesel candlenut oil through transesterification process. This process was conducted in the autoclave with candlenut oil mixture : methanol 1:12 mol. CaO catalyst was 8% of oil weight and it used cosolvent ether 200 ml. This reaction lasted at the temperature 650°C with variation of time for 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. The transesterifiction produced two levels, namely top level containing metal ester (FAME) and down level of gliserol and remaining methanol. Then, the two were separated. Top level in the separated place contained FAME, added the n-heksan 100 ml, and washed with HCl4 N for 100 ml, followed by the adding of aquadest 100 ml. Heksan fraction was added with Na2 SO4 anhidrat, then filtered. The filtrate was purified with vacuum destilation, residue weighed, the chemical composition analyzed using kromatography gas. Its physic material nature such as viscosity, density, Iod numerical, haze spot, and water contents was also tested. Of 881 gr transesterificated candlenut oil for 1 hour, it was obtained FAME crude material 450 gr, metal ester conversion 35,50%, total gliserida 0,521%, viscosity 4,2914 cST, density 0,8694 gr/cm3, Iod numerical 35,50%, total gliserida 0,521%. Viscosity 4,1914 cSt, density 0,8694 gr/cm3, Iod numerical 56,55 grL2/100 gr, haze spot -25°C and water contents 0,09%. For 2 hours, it was obtained FAME crude material 507 gr, metal ester conversion 36,78%, total gliceride 0,53%, viscosity 4,4928 cSt, density 0, 8783 gr/cm 3, Iod numerical 55,81 gr I2/100 gr, haze spot -23.5°C, and water content 0,08%. For 3 hours, it was obtained FAME crude material 585 gr, metal ester conversion 41,62%, total gliceride 1,21%, viscosity 5,8583 cSt, density 0, 8905 gr/cm3, Iod numerical 43,81 grL2/100 gr, haze spot -21,2°C, and water content 0,08%. The longer is the reaction, the higher is the metal ester conversion. Its physic characteristics shows that biodiesel of candlenut oil can be used as the substitution alternative for solar fuel. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Telah dilakukan pembuatan biodiesel turunan minyak kemiri melalui proses transesterifikasi. Proses ini dilakukan dalam autoclave dengan campuran minyak kemiri : methanol sebanyak 1:12 mol. Katalis CaO 8% berat minyak serta memakai kosolven eter 200 ml . Reaksi ini berlangsung pada suhu 65oC dengan variasi waktu 1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam. Transesterifikasi ini menghasikan 2 lapisan: lapisan atas mengandung metil ester (FAME) dan lapisan bawah gliserol dan metanol sisa, kemudian dipisahkan. Lapisan atas dalam corong pisah mengandung FAME ditambahkan n-heksan 100 ml kemudian dicuci dengan HCl4 N sebanyak 100 ml diikuti penambahan aquadest 100 ml. Fraksi heksan dibubuhi dengan Na2SO4 anhidrat kemudian disaring . Filtrat dimurnikan dengan destilasi vakum, residu ditimbang, komposisi kimianya dianalisa memakai gas kromatografi . Sifat bahan fisisnya seperti viscositas, densitas, bilangan Iod, titik kabut dan kadar air selanjutnya juga diuji. Dari 881 gr minyak kemiri yang di transesterifikasi, selama 1 jam diperoleh bahan FAME crude 450 gr, konversi metil ester 35,50%, total gliserida 0,521%, viscositas 4,2914 cSt, densitas 0,8694 gr/cm3, bilangan Iod 56,55 grI2/100gr, titik kabut -25oC, dan kadar air 0,09%. Untuk 2 jam diperoleh bahan FAME crude 507 gr, konversi metil ester 36,78%, total gliserida 0,53%, viscositas 4,4928 cSt, densitas 0,8783 gr/cm3, bilangan Iod 55,81 grI2/100gr, titik kabut -23,5oC, dan kadar air 0,08%. Untuk 3 jam diperoleh bahan FAME crude 585 gr, konversi metil ester 41,62%, total gliserida 1,21%, viscositas 5,8583 cSt, densitas 0,8905 gr/cm3, bilangan Iod 43,81 grI2/100gr, titik kabut -21,2oC, dan kadar air 0,08%. Makin lama reaksi makin tinggi konversi metil ester. Sifat fisis hasil ini menunjukkan biodiesel turunan minyak kemiri dapat dipakai sebagai salah satu alternatif pengganti bahan bakar solar. | en_US |
