Pengaruh Kadar Merkuri(Hg) Dalam Urin Terhadap Fungsi Ginjal Pada Penambang Emas Tradisional Di Desa Panton LuasKecamatanSawangKabupaten Aceh Selatan

Abstract

The activity of traditional gold mining by the Indonesians usually use amalgamation method by tying the gold with mercury (Hg). Mercury can affect the function of kidney. The objective of the research was to findthe influence of mercury content in urine for the function of kidney in the traditional gold miners at Panton Luas village, SawangSubdistrict, Aceh Selatan District. The subject of the research was 30 tradisional gold miners. The samples were taken by using total sampling technique. The data were gathered by distributing questionnaires and conducting laboratory examination. The result of the research showed that, on the average, mercury content in urine in the traditional gold miners was 2.85μg/l. The lowest mercury content of 2.01-2.30μg/l was found in six miners (20%) and the highest mercury content of 3.83-4.00μg/l was found in one miner (3.3%); the average ureum content in the gold miners was 26.6 mg/dl with the lowest ureum content of 10.14-18.13 mg/dl was found in six miners (20%) and the highest ureum content of 40.14-46.13 mg/dl was found in four miners (13.3%); the average kreatinine content in the gold miners was 0.84 mg/dl with the lowest kreatinine content of 0.70-0.75 mg/dl was found in 13 miners (43.3%) and the highest kreatinine content of 1.06-1.10 mg/dl was found in three miners (10%). The conclusion of the research was that the increase of the amount of mercury content in urine could significantly increase ureum and kreatinine content although they were still in normal limitation.

Kegiatan penambangan emas secara tradisional yang dilakukan oleh mayarakat Indonesia menggunakan metode amalgamasi yaitu pengikatan emas dengan menggunakan merkuri (Hg). Merkuri dapat mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi ginjal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar merkuri dalam urin terhadap fungsi ginjal pada penambang emas tradisional didesa Panton Luaskecamatan Sawang kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja penambang emas dibagian proses amalgamasi yang berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan sampel adalah total sampling. Data dalam penelitian ini diambil dalampan duan dengan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar merkuri dalam urin pada penambang emas sebesar 2,85 μg/l, Kadar merkuri terendah sebesar 2,01-2,30 μg/l sebanyak 6 orang (20%) dan kadar tertinggi 3,83-4,00 μg/l sebanyak 1 orang (3,3%), rata rata kadar ureum penambang emas sebesar26,6 mg/dl dengan kadar ureum terrendah sebesar 10,14-16,13 mg/dl sebanyak 6 orang (20%) dan nilai tertinggi sebesar 40,14- 46,13 mg/dl sebanyak 4 orang (13,3%), rata- rata kadar kreatinin penambang emas sebesar 0,84 mg/dl, kadar kreatinin terrendah sebesar 0,70-0,75 mg/dl sebanyak 13 orang (43,3%) dan tertinggi sebesar 1,06-1,10 mg/dl sebanyak 3 orang (10%). Pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa peningkatan jumlah kadar merkuri dalam urin dapat meningkatkan kadar ureum dan kreatinin yang signifikan walaupun masih dalam batasan normal.