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    Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Ikan Dikaitkan dengan Faktor Fisik dan Kimia Air di Muara Sungai Asahan

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    Date
    2010
    Author
    Gultom, Lumongga
    Advisor(s)
    Barus, Ternala A.
    Ilyas, Syafruddin
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    Abstract
    A study of the diversity and distribution of fishes with connection with physical and chemical factors at Estuary of Asahan River was established on August 2009 in Estuary of Asahan River region fishes sample was taken from three stations, and in each station performed three times sample identification. The determination of sample location point established by using Purposive random sampling. Fishes samples were taken by net with long 57 meters and wide 1,5 meters, 4 mm diameter, and then identified in the Laboratory of Natural and Environmental Resources Management, Mathematics and Nature Science Faculty of North Sumatra University. The measurement of water physical and chemical parameters were performed by certain method and measurement. For some physical chemical parameters, the measurement was held directly in the sample location and for other physical chemical parameter, the measurement done in the laboratory. Based on the analysis showed there were 18 fishes genera which include in Osteicthyes, 7 order and 18 families. The highest density grade result by genera of Ambassis for about 122,027 pieces/100m2. The lowest density grade result from genera of Scathopagus for about 0,390 pieces/100m2. The Diversity index of fishes approximately about 1,806 to 1,958 and Similarities index about 0,668 to 0,816. The calculation of Morista Distribution Index showed that fishes distributed in group. Pearson correlation analysis result examined showed that Dissolved Oxygen gave significant effect and similar with the diversity grade of the fishes. By referring to the sea water standard stated by the Ministry of Life Environment with Decision Letter No. 51 Year 2004, show that the measurement of physical chemical parameter of water in waterway still in appropriate limitation for the fishes environment, but the diversity category of fishes in estuary of Asahan River is low.
     
    Penelitian tentang keanekaragaman dan distribusi ikan serta kaitannya dengan faktor fisik dan kimia di Muara Sungai Asahan dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2009. Sampel ikan diambil dari tiga stasiun pengamatan, dimana pada setiap stasiun pengamatan dilakukan tiga kali ulangan pengambilan sampel. Penentuan titik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Purposive random sampling. Sampel ikan diambil dengan menggunakan jaring dengan panjang 57 m dan lebar 1,5 m dengan luas mata jaring 4 mm, lalu diidentifikasi di Laboratorium Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan (PSDAL), Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sumatera Utara. Pengukuran parameter fisik kimia air dilakukan dengan metode dan alat ukur yang telah ditentukan. Beberapa parameter fisik kimia, pengukuran dilakukan langsung di lokasi pengambilan sampel dan untuk beberapa parameter fisik kimia lainnya, pengukuran dilakukan di laboratorium. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan 18 genus ikan yang termasuk ke dalam kelas Osteicthyes, 7 ordo dan 18 famili. Nilai kepadatan tertinggi didapatkan pada genus Ambassis sebesar 122,027 ind/100 m2, dan kepadatan terendah adalah genus Scathopagus, sebesar 0,390 ind/100 m2. Indeks Keanekaragaman ikan berkisar antara berkisar 1,806 sampai 1,958 dan Indeks Keseragaman berkisar antara 0,668 sampai 0,816. Hasil perhitungan Indeks Distribusi Morista menunjukkan bahwa ikan berdistribusi secara berkelompok. Analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa oksigen terlarut berpengaruh sangat nyata dan berbanding searah dengan tingkat keanekaragaman ikan. Dengan mengacu kepada baku mutu air laut yang ditetapkan oleh Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup dengan Surat Keputusan No. 51 Tahun 2004, didapatkan bahwa hasil pengukuran parameter faktor fisik kimia air di perairan ini masih berada dalam ambang batas yang layak untuk kehidupan ikan, namun keanekaragaman ikan di perairan muara Sungai Asahan termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/40494
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara - 2025

    Universitas Sumatera Utara

    Perpustakaan

    Resource Guide

    Katalog Perpustakaan

    Journal Elektronik Berlangganan

    Buku Elektronik Berlangganan

    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV