Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pospor (P) terhadap Sifat Mekanik Baja Karbon Rendah

Abstract

Has done research on the influence of phosphorus (P) on the mechanical properties of low carbon steels by varying the presentation of the element phosphorus (P). Raw materials with the composition of SC 37 is melted in electric induction furnaces and presentation elements phosphorus (P) was varied as much as five variations, namely: v = 0.02%, v = 0.03%, v= 0.04%, v = 0.05%, and v = 0.06%, respectively 123 45casted in sand molds. Samples are produced through the variation of the percentage of the element phosphorus (P) tested to see its mechanical properties tensile testing, hardness, impact, and metalography. Data obtained from the test results were analyzed, so that can know the influence of the percentage of the element phosphorus (P) on low carbon steel. From the results of tensile testing is known that the lowest tensile strength at a concentration of 0.02% is 361.91 kN/mm and most severe at 2concentrations of 0.06%, is 459.79 kN/mm. To test the hardness concentration of 20.02% was 58.7 HRB and the concentration of 0.06% was 77.3 HRB. Concentration of 0.02% for the impact value is 0.2622 joule/mm and concentration of 0.06% for the 2impact value is 0.1869 joule/mm. To metalography 200x magnification is etched 2with Nital 3% at a concentration of 0.02% the dark pearlite structure and the structure of ferrite and concentration of 0.06% light the amount of pearlite and ferrite little more.

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh Pospor (P) terhadap sifat mekanik baja karbon rendah dengan cara memvariasikan presentasi unsur Pospor (P). Bahan baku dengan komposisi SC 37 dilebur pada tanur listrik induksi kemudian presentasi unsur Pospor (P) divariasikan sebanyak lima variasi, yaitu: v1=0,02%, v2=0,03%, v3=0,04%, v4=0,05%, dan v5=0,06%, masing-masing dicor pada cetakan pasir. Sampel yang dihasilkan melalui variasi presentase unsur Pospor (P) diuji untuk melihat sifat mekaniknya dilakukan pengujian tarik, kekerasan, impact, dan metalograpi. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengujian kemudian dianalisa, sehingga dapat diketahui pengaruh presentase unsur Pospor (P) pada baja karbon rendah. Dari hasil pengujian tarik diketahui bahwa kuat tarik paling rendah pada konsentrasi 0,02% adalah 361,91 kN/mm2 dan yang paling berat pada konsentrasi 0,06%, yaitu 459,79 kN/mm2. Untuk uji kekerasan konsentrasi 0,02% adalah 58,7 HRB dan konsentrasi 0,06% adalah 77,3 HRB. Untuk impact konsentrasi 0,02% bernilai impact 0,2622 joule/mm2 dan konsentrasi 0,06% bernilai impact 0,1869 joule/mm2. Untuk metalograpi perbesaran 200x yang dietsa dengan Nital 3% pada konsentrasi 0,02% bagian struktur perlit gelap dan struktur ferit terang dan konsentrasi 0,06% jumlah perlit semakin banyak dan ferit sedikit.