Profil Penderita Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis (OMSK) Tipe Bahaya di RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2006-2010

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common ear disease in developing countries. The complications of CSOM have a unique set of clinical signs and symptoms. Purpose: To identify the profile of dangerous type of CSOM patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2006-2010. Method: A descriptive study of 119 patients in 2006-2010. Result: From 119 patients, 28,57% were found in 2010, 31,93% were at age between 11-20 years old, 53,78% men and 38,66% were at right ear. 68,91% due to a history of recurrent otitis media and 61,34% with a main complaint of draining ears. The most clinical symptoms and signs were aqueous ears (76,47%) and tympanic membrane perforations (74,79%), as attic perforation (0,84%), marginal (1,68%), subtotal (23,53%), and total (48,74%). The most hearing impairments were conductive deafness (58,82%). In Schuller projections, 62,18% were found the imaging of chronic mastoiditis with cholesteatoma. From the culture results, 21,01% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 86,55% were mastoiditis complications.

Pendahuluan: Otitis media supuratif kronis (OMSK) merupakan penyakit telinga umum di negara-negara berkembang. Komplikasi dari OMSK tipe bahaya memiliki tanda dan gejala klinis yang khas. Tujuan: Mengetahui profil penderita OMSK tipe bahaya di RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan tahun 2006-2010. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif terhadap 119 penderita dari tahun 2006-2010. Hasil Penelitian: Dari 119 penderita, 28,57% dijumpai pada tahun 2010, 31,93% terjadi pada usia 11-20 tahun, 53,78% laki-laki, dan 38,66% pada telinga kanan. Sebanyak 68,91% akibat riwayat otitis media berulang dan 61,34% dengan keluhan utama telinga berair. Gejala dan tanda klinis yang sering yaitu telinga berair (76,47%) dan perforasi membran timpani (74,79%), baik perforasi atik (0,84%), marginal (1,68%), subtotal (23,53%), dan total (48,74%). Gangguan pendengaran terbanyak adalah tuli konduktif (58,82%). Pada foto proyeksi Schuller, 62,18% dijumpai gambaran mastoiditis kronis dengan kolesteatoma. Dari hasil kultur dijumpai 21,01% Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 86,55% terjadi komplikasi mastoiditis.