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    Perbedaan Efektifitas Antasida, Ranitidin dan Omeprazol Dalam Pencegahan Perdarahan Saluran Cerna Bagian Atas dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Terjadinya Pneumonia Serta Outcome Penderita Stroke Akut

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    Date
    2014
    Author
    Batubara, Chairil Amin
    Advisor(s)
    Sinurat, Puji Pinta O
    Rambe, Aldy S
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    Abstract
    Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of acute stroke complications. Giving an antacid, ranitidine or omeprazole may prevent UGIB, but may increase the occurrence of pnumonia, thus it will affect the outcome of acute stroke patients. Objective: This study aimed to determine the differences in the effectiveness of antacids, ranitidine and omeprazole in the prevention of UGIB and its influence on the occurrence of pneumonia and acute stroke patient outcomes. Methodology: This study used an experimental method with randomized control-group pretest-posttest design. Consists of three groups, the first was given 400 mg antacids, the second was given ranitidine 150 mg and the third was given omeprazole 20 mg, with 16 patients per group. Patients were observed if UGIB and or pneumonia occurred during hospitalization. Outcome was measured by the NIHSS (< 4 = mild; 4-15 = moderate; > 15 = severe) and mRS (1-2 = good; 3-6 = bad). Results: Of the 48 samples obtained, UGIB found as many as 3 patients (6,3%), where there was no UGIB in omeprazole group, and pneumonia as many as 4 patients (8,3%), which antacids and ranitidine groups were the least with one person each (2,1%), but no significant differences were found between the three groups (p = 0,254 and p = 0,593 ). It was not found significant influence and difference influence on the administration of the three medications to the outcome NIHSS and mRS at day 14. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that antacids, ranitidine and omeprazole provide the same effectiveness in the prevention of UGIB and the same effect on the occurrence of pneumonia, and no effect on the outcome of acute stroke patients.
     
    Latar Belakang: Perdarahan saluran cerna bagian atas (PSCBA) merupakan salah satu komplikasi stroke akut. Pemberian antasida, ranitidin atau omeprazol dapat mencegah PSCBA, namun dapat meningkatkan terjadinya pnumonia, dengan demikian akan mempengaruhi outcome penderita stroke akut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektifitas antasida, ranitidin dan omeprazol dalam pencegahan PSCBA dan pengaruhnya terhadap terjadinya pneumonia serta outcome penderita stroke akut. Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan randomized control-group pretest-post test design. Terdiri dari 3 kelompok, yang pertama diberikan antasida 400 mg, kedua diberikan ranitidin 150 mg dan yang ketiga diberikan omeprazol 20 mg, dengan 16 pasien tiap kelompoknya. Pasien diamati jika tejadi PSCBA dan atau pneumonia selama dirawat inap. Outcome diukur dengan NIHSS (< 4 = ringan; 4-15 = sedang; > 15 = berat) dan mRS (1-2 = baik; 3-6 = buruk). Hasil: Dari 48 sampel yang diperoleh, didapati PSCBA sebanyak 3 orang (6,3%), dimana kelompok omeprazol tidak terdapat PSCBA dan pneumonia sebanyak 4 orang (8,3%), dimana kelompok antasida dan ranitidin paling sedikit masing-masing 1 orang (2,1%), namun tidak didapati perbedaan bermakna antar ketiga kelompok tersebut (p = 0,254 dan p = 0,593). Tidak didapati pengaruh dan perbedaan pengaruh yang bermakna pada pemberian ketiga obat tersebut terhadap outcome NIHSS dan mRS pada hari ke-14. Kesimpulan: Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa antasida, ranitidin dan omeprazol memberikan efektifitas yang sama terhadap pencegahan PSCBA dan pengaruh yang sama juga terhadap terjadinya pneumonia, serta tidak berpengaruh terhadap outcome penderita stroke akut.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/42053
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV