Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Program Rehabilitasi dan Rekontruksi Rumah Korban Tsunami di Kemukiman Meuraksa Kecamatan Blang Mangat Kota Lhokseumawe

Abstract

Blang Mangat of Lhokseumawe is one of subregencies of Lhokseumawe that most severely affected by earthquake and Tsunami especially in Meuraksa Settlement. Meuraksa is one of the three settlement in Blang Mangat Subregensy of Lhokseumawe bordering on Malacca Strait involving 8 kampongs (Gampong). As a consequence of the earthquake and the Stunami, there some 221 victims, and even washed 201 units of house away and severely destructed 479 unit and slightly destructed 297 units. In this case, the present study intends to find the rehabilitation and recontruction due to these are very important to know by anyone especially by those who are involved in advodcacy progrm of communty post-disaster in Meuraksa Settlement, and know any network among the community, public figures, Gampong authority, NGOs, and regional government. To see the rehabilitation and recontruction, this study used theories of community advocacy especilly the concept of social capital suggested by Fukuyama and participation of community as suggested by Cohen and Uphoff. To describe the advocacy associeted with the rehabilitation and recontruction of the destructed houses affected by Tsunami in Meuraksa Settlement, the study used descriptive analysis. To collet the data, the study used and in-depht interview using guidelines of interview and observation. All the 17-informants represented those parties who related to the advocacy program through rehabilitation and recontruction of the destructed houses of Gampong, public figures, the accompanying NGOs, and subregencial staff. The results of the study showed that in the rehabilitation and recontrustion of the destrusted houses affected by Tsunami in Meuraksa Settlement of Blang Mangat Subregency of Lhokseumawe, those who have lost their houses due to the Tsunami and earthquake had received asssstance of houses. Another benefit included those received temporarily income, such as wage especially when they work as craftymkan incontructing barrack and hoauses for those whose their houses have been destructied by Tsunami. The participation of communuty also increased aspecially the involvement of NGOs either domestic or international. The rehabilitation and recontruction proses using the accompanying approach, either since planning, implementation and contruction also have stimulated the partipacition of the local community and it has been a new experience for community. In short, the rehabilitation and recontruction have incresed the economy of Gampong. The community has income by getting an onccupation particulary as workers of contructing the houses.