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    Optiuumasi Pembuatan Asam Stearat Berbasis Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin (Rbdps) yang Stabil sesuai Standar Mutu

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    Date
    2010
    Author
    Ritonga, Muhammad Yusuf
    Advisor(s)
    Marpaung, Harlem
    Wirjosentono, Basuki
    Herawan, Tjahjono
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    Abstract
    The optimization of stearic acid production with the stable quality had been done in this research. The back ground this research to produce and purify “stearic acid - 1840 base on RBDPS on comercial scale was it standar quality of distilled Stearic Acid (DAS) could not be produced normaly and stable by distillation. Heat stability quality DAS was so freqwent out off specs than quality standar, eventhough was produced with the same intermediate raw material HSRBDPSFA (Hydrogenated Splitted RBPS Fatty Acid) with : iodine value 0,80 g/100 g, feed capacity was only 5.5 ton/hr, the average production yield DAS was only 85.0 % and with the bottom main distiller temperature reached 213 o C, light end (lower boiling point) production yield reached 5 % and residue (higher boiling point) production yield, reached 10 % of usage feed rate. Separation and reduction of chemicals substance impurities such as odor, color bodies, double bond and fatty acid with the chain of atom carbon lower or same with C14 that was so sensitive to oxidize and changing of temperature/heat , so effect to fatty acid heat stability, it’s a general basic for this research . Base on this the effect of reduction iodine value (IV) of Crude Stearic Acid feed, increament of feed flow (F) and bottom main distiller (B MD) temperature was optimised to produced DAS according to quality standard. A factorial design with 3 independent variables (3 X 2 X 3) also Statistical Process Control (SPC) was applied to study and observe the effects and the trend of changing of production yield, IV dan h/s DAS, acid (AV) also residue production yield. The experiment was done at plant scale on PT. Flora Sawita Chemindo distillation plant’s. The optimum distillation process condition was found on feed IV 0,60 g/100 g at feed F 6,0 ton/jam, B MD temperature 222 o C, DAS, residue and distillate -2 production yield was found for each 90,783 %, 4,96 % and 2.54 %, that produce DAS with stable quality on IV and heat stability DAS 0.175 g/100 g and 0.6 R/5.45 Y for each (< maximum standard). DAS quality was met the standar quality that was settled and met the stabilization criteria of Statistic Process Control (SPC). The results of this optimization had produced stearic acid distillate with the stable quality by a simple methode, saw as a good finding to produce stearic acid base on RBDPS.
     
    Optimasi produksi asam starat dengan mutu stabil dari BDPS telah dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Hal ini dilatar belakangi, pada pembuatan dan pemurnian “asam stearat -1840 berbasis RBDPS” pada skala komersial, mutu Distillat Asam Stearat (DAS) yang sesuai standar belum dapat diproduksi secara normal dan stabil dari proses distillasi. Parameter mutu heat stability (h/s) atau kestabilan warna DAS sering tidak memenuhi standar mutu, walau dibuat dengan mutu bahan baku intermediate HSRBDPSFA (Hydrogenated Splitted RBPS Fatty Acid) yang relatif sama dengan : bilangan iodium (IV) 0,80 g/100 g, kapasitas umpan 5,5 ton/jam, rerata tingkat produksi DAS hanya 85,0 %, dengan suhu bagian bawah kolom pemisah utama turun mencapai 213 o C, tingkat produksi fraksi ringan (lower boiling point), hingga 5 % dan residue (higher boiling point), hingga 10 % dari total bahan baku yang digunakan. Pemisahan dan pengurangan bahan – bahan kimia pengotor (impurities) berupa bahan penyebab bau (odor), warna (color bodies), ikatan rangkap dan asam lemak berantai atom karbon yang lebih pendek mulai dari C14 yang sensitif pada oksidasi dan perubahan suhu/panas, sangat berpengaruh pada kestabilan warna asam lemak, menjadi prinsip dasar percobaan dan penelitian yang dilakukan. Atas dasar ini pengaruh penurunan bilangan iodium (IV) dan kecepatan alir (F) Umpan serta dan suhu bottom main distiller (B MD) dioptimasi untuk memproduksi DAS dengan mutu yang sesuai dengan standar mutu yang ditetapkan. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan metode Eksperimen Faktorial 3 x 2 x 3, model tetap dengan ulangan 2 kali serta Statistical Process Control (SPC) dalam mengamati kecenderungan perubahan tingkat produksi, IV dan h/s DAS, bilangan asam (AV) serta tingkat produksi residue. Optimasi dilakukan dengan skala pabrik pada fasilitas pabrik PT. Flora Sawita Chemindo. Fakta hasil optimasi menunjukkan ketiga faktor yang dioptimasi berpengaruh pada kestabilan warna/heat stability atau mutu DASA. Kondisi optimum proses distillasi didapatkan pada IV umpan 0,60 g/100 g pada F umpan 6,0 ton/jam, suhu B MD 222 o C, tingkat produksi DAS, residue dan distillat -2 yang diperoleh masing – masing 90,783 %, 4,96 % dan 2,54 %, yang menghasilkan DAS dengan mutu yang stabil pada IV dan heat stability DAS masing –masing 0,175 g/100g dan 0,6 R/5,45 Y (< harga standar maksimum), Mutu DAS yang diperoleh memenuhi standar mutu yang ditetapkan dan memenuhi kriteria kestabilan Statistic Process Control (SPC). Hasil optimasi ini telah menghasilkan distillat asam stearat dengan mutu stabil dengan metode sederhana, merupakan suatu sumbangan bagai pembuatan asam stearat dari RBDPS.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/43758
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
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