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    Pencegahan Keracunan Timbal Kronis pada Pekerja Dewasa dengan Suplemen Kalsium dalam Upaya Pengembangan Kebijakan di Bidang Kesehatan

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    Date
    2010
    Author
    Hasan, Wirsal
    Advisor(s)
    Matondang, A.Rahim
    Syahrin, Alvi
    Wahyuni, Chatarina U.
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    Abstract
    Lead pollution in the air the city of Medan has been a problem because it is exceeded the specified threshold value. It is know that lead may cause health problems in humans, although the levels are lower than the maximum levels allowed in the blood. One of the community groups that have a high risk of chronic lead poisoning from the ambient air are workers who work on the side of the highway. Until now there is no health policies for prevention and treatment of chronic lead poisoning to workers who are at high risk. This study aimed to determine the effects of calcium supplements to decrease blood lead levels (BLL) of adult workers are at high risk for chronic lead poisoning and found a health policy in the prevention of lead poisoning from the ambient air. This research uses quasi-experimental design with a clinical trial design in which subjects were divided into two groups that performed at random, one group as control and one more group was treated by giving calcium supplements with a dose of 500 mg three times daily peroral for three months and after three months measured again their BLL as the final result. The research showed that: (1) BLL of rickshaw drivers, machine rickshaw drivers and street vendors are: initial BLL in the control group was 6.11 ± 3.57µg / dl and after the experiment was 4.16 ± 1.46 µg / dl (p = 0.002). Initial BLL in the treatment group was 10.35 ± 3.36 µg / dl after treatment was 3.2 ± 1.58 µg / dl. (2) Treatment with calcium at a dose of 3 x 500 mg daily peroral to workers who are at high risk for chronic lead poisoning during the three months can reduce BLL significantly (p = 0.000) at CI = 95%. (3) In addition to treatment with calcium, other factors that influence BLL of workers is a place to rest during the day whether in the street or at home (p = 0.025). (4) BLL prediction models on rickshaw drivers and machine rickshaw drivers and street vendors in the form of regression equation: Y = 3446 to 0.727 (resting place) + 0.892 (calcium treatment) (5) Obtained a policy of “treatment with calcium at a dose of 3 x 500 mg peroral daily during the three month period” to workers who are at high risk for chronic lead poisoning. Suggested to Medan City Health Department in order to develop health policies, especially to workers who are at high risk for chronic lead poisoning. that is calcium treatment using doses of 3 x 500 mg peroral daily during the 3 months period.
     
    Pencemaran timbal di udara kota Medan sudah merupakan masalah karena sudah melewati Nilai Ambang Batas. Timbal dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan pada manusia walaupun dalam kadar yang lebih rendah dari kadar maksimum dalam darah yang diperbolehkan. Salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang mempunyai resiko tinggi terhadap keracunan timbal kronis dari udara ambien adalah pekerja yang bekerja di pinggir jalan raya. Sampai saat ini belum ada kebijakan bidang kesehatan untuk pencegahan keracunan timbal kronis pada pekerja yang beresiko tinggi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek suplemen kalsium terhadap penurunan kadar timbal dalam darah pekerja dewasa dalam upaya mengembangkan kebijakan bidang kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuasi eksperimen dengan clinical trial design dimana subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yang dilakukan secara acak, satu kelompok sebagai kontrol dan satu kelompok lagi diberi perlakuan dengan memberikan suplemen kalsium dengan dosis 3 kali 500 mg perhari selama tiga bulan dan setelah tiga bulan diukur kembali kadar timbal darahnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kadar timbal dalam darah (KTD) penarik becak dayung, penarik becak mesin dan pedagang pinggir jalan adalah: KTD awal pada kelompok kontrol 6,11±3,57 µg/dl dan KTD akhir 4,16±1,46 µg/dl (p=0,002). KTD awal pada kelompok perlakuan 10,35±3,36 µg/dl dan KTD akhir 3,2±1,58 µg/dl. (2) Pemberian Kalsium dengan dosis 3 x 500 mg sehari peroral selama 3 bulan dapat menurunkan KTD secara bermakna (p=0,000) pada CI=95%. (3) Faktor lain yang turut mempengaruhi KTD adalah tempat pekerja beristirahat pada siang hari apakah di pinggir jalan atau di rumah (p=0,025). (4) Didapat model prediksi KTD pada pekerja dewasa yang beresiko terhadap keracunan timbal kronis berupa persamaan regresi: Y = 3.446-0,727 (tempat istirahat) + 0,892 (pemberian kalsium). (5) Didapat rekomendasi kebijakan dalam mengelola dampak lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh polusi timbal sebagai berikut: Pemberian Kalsium dengan dosis 3 x 500 mg sehari peroral selama tiga bulan pada pekerja yang telah terpapar pada polusi timbal. Disarankan agar dapat dikembangkan kebijakan bidang kesehatan khususnya untuk pekerja yang beresiko tinggi terhadap keracunan timbal kronis dengan pemberian kalsium dengan dosis 3 x 500 mg peroral sehari selama 3 bulan

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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
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