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    Transformasi Mikropori ke Mesopori Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Nilai Kalor Bakar Briket Arang Cangkang Kelapa Sawit

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    Fulltext (1.812Mb)
    Date
    2008
    Author
    Lubis, Khairati
    Advisor(s)
    Supeno, Minto
    Thamrin
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    Abstract
    Limbah padat pabrik kelapa sawit yaitu cangkang kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber bahan bakar alternatif, pengganti minyak tanah. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melakukan kajian pembuatan briket arang dari cangkang kelapa sawit dengan cara mengubah ukuran pori dari mikropori ke mesopori. Penelitian dilakukan dalam skala laboraturium. Cangkang kelapa sawit direndam dengan larutan Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH) 0.1 N masing-masing selama 0.5/1.2 jam. Selanjutnya dikarbonisasi pada suhu 5000 C kemudian digiling dan diayak sampai ukuran 100 mesh. Serbuk kemudian dikarakterisasi. Kadar air : 10.12%, kadar abu : 3.60% ptt permukaan : 8 dan foto SEM (Scanning Electron Mikrosope) Arang serbuk dicampur dengan perekat kanji 20% dan dicetak menjadi briket, dengan variasi tekanan 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ton. Briket diuji nilai kalor dan kuat tekannya. Kondisi briket arang terbaik, pada lama peredaran 2 jam, tekanan pengepresan 5 ton dengan nilai kuat tekan 7.04 kg/cm2. Kalor bakar maksimum, pada lama peredaran dengan NaOH selama ½ jam, tekanan 0.5 ton adalah 9138,25 kal/g hal ini sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI)
     
    Solid waste of palm oil mill as shell, can be used as alternative fuel substituting the kerosene. This research tried to assess the preparation of charcoal bricket form palm oil shell by modifying the size of pore from micropore to mesopore. The research was made in laboratory scale. The palm oil shell was soaked in solution of Natrium Hydroxyde (NaOH) 0.1 N for 0.5, 1 and 2 hours. And then it was carbonized at sieved until 100 mesh. The powder charcoal was characterized : water content = 10.12%, ash content = 3.60%, surface pH : 8 and photoSEM. The powder charcoal was mixed with starch cohesive 20% and molded into bricket, with pressure variations of 0.5.1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ton. The bricket was tested for caloric value and strenght. The best condition of charcoal bricket was accomplished in length of soaking 0.5 hour, pressing impact 5 ton and value of compressive strength 7.04 kg/cm, maximum burning calory, in length of soaking with NaOH for an hour, pressure 0.5 ton, 9138.25 cal/g. This is consistent with National Standard of Indonesia (SNI).

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/43852
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV