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    Pengaruh Arang Kayu dan Cendawan Endomikorhiza terhadap Proses Biogeokimia dan Distribusi Biomasa Karbon pada Semai Manglit (Michelia Montana Blume)

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    Date
    2006
    Author
    Ahmad, Alfan Gunawan
    Advisor(s)
    Siregar, Chairil Anwar
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    Abstract
    Perbaikan media tumbuh .merupakan salah satu faktor penting untuk menghasilkan bibit yang berkualitas karena perbaikan proses biogeokimianya akan meningkatkan serapan air dan unsur hara. Bibit yang berkualitas tersebut dibutuhkan agar program reforestasi dan afforestasi berhasil, terutama di lahan-Iahan kritis. Proses biogeokimia dapat dipacu dengan kehadiran bahan organik dan mikroorganisme, antara lain arang kayu dan cendawan endomikorhiza. Di dalam penelitian ini, semai Michelia montana Blume yang merupakan jenis endemik dan terancam punah di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Jawa Barat, digunakan sebagai model. Penelitian yang terkait dengan jenis tanaman ini masih terbatas, terutama tentang teknik penanamannya pada lahan kritis. Penelitian dilakukan dalam lingkungan rumah kaca. Subsoil podsolik merah kuning sebanyak I kg (berat kering udara) yang telah dimasukkan ke dalam kantong plastik digunakan sebagai media tumbuh untuk mencerminkan lahan kritis. Arang kayu dengan dosis 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% (v/v) ditambahkan ke dalam media tumbuh. Semai Michelia montana ditanam pada media tumbuh dan diinokulasi dengan Glomus aggregatum dan Glomus fasciculatum. Semai yang tidak diinokulasi dijadikan sebagai kontrol. Rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan 5 ulangan telah digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian arang kayu dan inokulasi endomikorhiza terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman dan beberapa sifat kimia penting tanah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses biogeokimia mengakibatkan perbaikan pada sifat kimia tanah, yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya ketersediaan unsur hara makro (N, P, Ca) di dalam lamtan tanah dan pertumbuhan semai. Secara keseluruhan, biomasa karbon pada semua kombinasi perlakuan lebih besar dibanding kontrol dengan rentang mulai dari 93.99 sampai 1335.09 mgltanaman. Pengaruh terbaik perlakuan terhadap pertumbuhan semai dan sifat kimia tanah dihasilkan oleh kombinasi perlakuan antara 20% (v/v) arang kayu dan inokulasi Glomus fasciculatum. Total biomasa karbon pada perlakuan ini adalah 1335.09 mgltanaman yang terdistribusikan ke daun (49.00%), akar (27.47%), dan batang (23.53%). Biomasa karbon pada daun, akar, dan batang tersebut masing-masing mengalami peningkatan sebesar 631.56 mgltanarnan (2788.34 %), 330.69 mgltanaman (915.79 %), dan 291.44 mgltanaman (1287.28 %) dibanding dengan kontrol.
     
    Amelioration of growth medium is one of the important factors to produce good quality of seedlings due to the improvement of biogeochemistry processes, which increase the nutrient and water uptake. Good quality of seedlings is needed for the success of reforestation and afforestation programmes, especially in critical lands. The biogeochemistry processes can be stimulated by the presence of organic material and microorganisms, among others is a wood charcoal and endomycorrhizal fungus. In this research, seedlings of Michelia montana Blume, endangered-endemic species in Gunung Halimun National Park-West Java, were used as a model. Research about this species is still limited, especially its technique for plantation establishment in critical lands. Experimental research was conducted at greenhouse conditions. Sub-soil of red-yellow podzolic soil of I kg (air dry weight) was potted in polybag as culture media to reflect the critical lands. Wood charcoal at dosage of 0, 5,10, 15 and 20% (v/v) was added in potted media. Michelia montana seedlings were planted in potted media and inoculated with Glomus aggregatum, and Glomus fasciculatum. Non-inoculated seedlings were considered as control. A factorial in completely randomized design with five replicates was used to examine the effect of charcoal amendment and endomycorrhyzal inoculation on the plant growth and some other important soil chemical properties. The result of this research showed that the biogeochemistry processes affected the amelioration of soil chemical properties, which was indicated by the increase of macronutrients availability (N, P, Ca) in soil solution and the growth of seedlings. In overall, the carbon biomass in all combination treatments was higher than control ranging from 93.99 to 1335.09 mg/plant. The best response was obtained in combination treatments between 20% (v/v) of wood-charcoal and Glomusfasciculatum inoculation in terms of growth parameter and soil chemical properties. The total carbon biomass of seedlings in this treatment was 1335.09 mg/plant, in which the carbon biomass was distributed in leaf (49.00%), in root (27.47%), and in stem (23.53%). The increment of carbon biomass was 631.56 mg/plant (2788.34 %) in leaf, 330:69 mg/plant (915.79%) in root, and 291.44 mg/plant (1287.28 %) in stem compared with control.

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    https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/44606
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara - 2025

    Universitas Sumatera Utara

    Perpustakaan

    Resource Guide

    Katalog Perpustakaan

    Journal Elektronik Berlangganan

    Buku Elektronik Berlangganan

    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV