Analisis Potensi Layanan Operasi Kereta Api Penumpang Rute Medan-Belawan dalam Rangka Pengembangan Wilayah Medan Bagian Utara

Abstract

The strategy to overcome traffic jam in Medan City is by using train transportation mode. PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Regional Division I of North Sumatera as the operator has operated passengers train with Medan-Belawan route, however the train only operated for 2 years (2010-2011) due to the low passengers occupancy level which impacted on the low revenue of the operator. The objective of the research is to analyze potential of passenger train, revenue of train operator, feasibility of train project investment, facility needs, headway, and frequency as the effort to re-operate passenger train service of Medan-Belawan route in order to develop northern Medan region. Analysis method that is employed in the research are zone-based correlation analysis and train operational costs (boka), price list and profit lost reports of operator, ability to pay (atp), willingness to pay (wtp), recommendation of ideal pricelist, benefit cost ratio (bcr), load factor break event point (lfbep). Based on analysis result, it can be concluded that a concept of transit oriented development (tod) around the Belawan station is required to increase potential of total passengers, such as construction of parks, sports field, city forest, provision of centered market on the Station street as a replacement of Belawan market, provision of flats connected to the station via pedestrian and cycling lanes.

Strategi untuk mengatasi kemacetan di Kota Medan adalah dengan menggunakan moda transportasi kereta api. PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Divisi Regional 1 Sumatera Utara selaku operator pernah mengoperasikan kereta api penumpang rute Medan-Belawan, namun kereta api tersebut hanya beroperasi selama 2 tahun (2010-2011), akibat rendahnya tingkat okupansi penumpang yang berdampak rendahnya pendapatan operator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi calon penumpang kereta api, pendapatan operator kereta api, kelayakan investasi proyek kereta api, kebutuhan sarana, headway, dan frekuensi sebagai upaya pengoperasian kembali layanan kereta api penumpang rute Medan-Belawan dalam rangka pengembangan wilayah Medan bagian utara. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis korelasi berbasis zona, biaya operasional kereta api (boka), tarif dan laporan rugi laba operator, ability to pay (atp), willingness to pay (wtp), rekomendasi tarif ideal, laporan rugi laba, laporan arus kas, net present value (npv), internal rate of return (irr), benefit cost ratio (bcr), load factor break event point (lf bep). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, disimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan potensi jumlah penumpang diperlukan konsep transit oriented development (tod) di sekitar stasiun Belawan seperti dibangunnya taman, lapangan olah raga, hutan kota, penyediaan pasar terpusat di jalan Stasiun sebagai pengganti pasar Belawan, penyediaan rumah susun yang terhubung dengan stasiun melalui jalur pedestrian dan pesepeda.