Hubungan Rasio Non Kolesterol High Density Lipoprotein dan Total Kolesterol dengan Kejadian Kardiovaskular Mayor pada Pasien Infark Miokard Akut yang Dilakukan Intervensi Koroner Perkutan di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik
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Date
2021Author
Julianda, Esra
Advisor(s)
Nafiah, Ali
Mukhtar, Zulfikri
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Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the
world. Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for CAD and is closely related to the incidence,
development and progression of coronary atherosclerosis and plaque stability. The ratio of non-HDL
and total cholesterol (non-HDL/TC) has previously been tested in the study, it was found that an
increase in this ratio was associated with a high SYNTAX score with a cut off value of the non-HDL/TC
ratio > 0.78 in the ACS population. This study aims to assess this ratio in predicting Major
Cardiovascular Events (MACE) in one year follow-up after PCI in the Acute Myocardial Infarction
(AMI) population
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Pusat Jantung Terpadu Haji Adam Malik
Hospital Medan and involved 100 AMI patients undergoing PCI in the period June 2019 to June 2020.
The sample will be divided into two groups, high non-HDL/TC ratio >0.78) and low (<0.78), where
the value of the ratio of non-HDL obtained from the reduction of total cholesterol with HDL. Then
followed up for one year and assessed Major Cardiovascular Events (MACE) in the form of death, heart
failure, ventricular arrhythmias and cardiogenic shock in each group. Survival analysis using Kaplan-
Meier. Statistical data analysis using SPSS software where the p value <0.05 was statistically
significant.
Results: From a total of 100 patients, the majority were male as many as 84 patients and the most
common risk factor was smoking as many as 78 people. This study obtained the results of multivessel
CAD in 64 patients and performed late invasive as many as 68 and the dominant use of moderate
intensity statin as many as 79 patients. There were significant differences in the results of triglycerides
(p value <0.001) and multivessel CAD (p value <0.001). There were 29 out of 100 people with KKvM
and a statistically significant difference in the non-HDL/TC high ratio group compared to the low ratio
group (p value: 0.02). There is also a cut off for the non HDL/TC ratio predicting MACE which is 0.783
(AUC: 0.647, sen: 75.9%, specs: 52.1%). In the survival analysis, MACE was found higher in high non-
HDL/TC ratio group than in the low ratio group (log rank: 0.012, HR: 2.961).
Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the data obtained in this study, it can be concluded that a high
non-HDL/TC ratio (>0.78) has a significant relationship with Major Cardiovascular Events in AMI
performed PCI with a low correlation value. Latar Belakang: Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas yang paling
utama di dunia. Dislipidemia merupakan faktor risiko penting untuk PJK dan berhubungan erat dengan
kejadian dan perkembangan aterosklerosis koroner dan stabilitas plak. Rasio non-HDL dan total
kolesterol (non HDL/TC) sebelumnya telah diuji dalam penelitian dimana peningkatan rasio ini
berhubungan dengan skor SYNTAX yang tinggi dengan nilai cut off rasio non HDL/TC >0,78 pada
populasi SKA. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai rasio tersebut dalam memprediksi KKVM pada
pemantauan satu tahun paska tindakan IKP pada populasi IMA
Metode: Penelitian cohort retrospektif ini dilakukan di Pusat Jantung Terpadu RSUP Haji Adam Malik
Medan dan melibatkan 100 pasien IMA yang menjalani IKP pada periode Juni 2019 sampai Juni 2020.
Sampel akan dibagi dua grup yakni rasio non HDL/TC tinggi (>0.78) dan rendah (<0.78), dimana nilai
rasio non HDL didapatkan dari hasil pengurangan total kolesterol dengan HDL. Kemudian dilakukan
follow up selama satu tahun dan dinilai KKVM berupa kematian, gagal jantung, aritmia ventrikel dan
syok kardiogenik. Analisa survival menggunakan Kaplan-Meier. Analisa data statistik menggunakan
software SPSS dimana nilai p<0,05 dikatakan bermakna secara statistik.
Hasil: Dari total 100 pasien, didapatkan mayoritas sebanyak 84 pria dan faktor resiko terbanyak
dijumpai adalah merokok sebanyak 78 orang. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil multivessel CAD pada
64 pasien dan dilakukan late invasive sebanyak 68 serta pengunaan moderate intensity statin yang
dominan sebanyak 79 pasien. Didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada hasil trigliserida (p value
<0.001) dan multivessel CAD (p value <0.001). Didapatkan KKvM sebanyak 29 dari 100 orang serta
perbedaan statistik yang bermakna pada kelompok rasio non HDL/TC tinggi dibanding rasio rendah (p
value:0.02). Didapatkan juga cut off untuk rasio non HDL/TC memprediksi KKvM yakni 0.783 (AUC:
0.647, sen:75.9%, spes:52.1%). Pada analisa survival didapatkan KKvM lebih tinggi pada kelompok
rasio non HDL/TC yang tinggi (log rank: 0.012, HR:2.961).
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil analisa data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan
bahwa rasio non-HDL/TC yang tinggi (>0,78) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan Kejadian
Kardiovaskular Mayor pada IMA yang dilakukan IKP dengan nilai korelasi rendah.
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