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    Uji Ketahanan Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium Melalui Aplikasi Agen Biokontrol Trichoderma sp

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    Date
    2021
    Author
    Pohan, Gitta Millenia
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    Yurnaliza
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    Abstract
    Red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the agricultural commodities that is very susceptible infected by Fusarium oxysporum wilt disease, so it is necessary to seek control efforts. This study used local varieties of red chili plants from North Sumatera and the Trichoderma sp. isolated from oil palm plantations at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara. This study aims to obtain Trichoderma which has potential antagonist to F. oxysporum and to determine its ability to control F. oxysporum wilt disease in red chili plants. This research was started with subculture of F. oxysporum and its pathogenicity test on red chili, isolation of Trichoderma, test of Trichoderma antagonist against F. oxysporum and application of Trichoderma in controlling F. oxysporum wilt disease on red chili. The pathogenicity test of F. oxysporum on red chili seedlings caused all tested red chili plants to show wilting symptoms. The results of Trichoderma isolation were obtained as many as 3 Trichoderma isolates with the ability to inhibit F. oxysporum in vitro with an inhibition percentage of between 40 to 66.67%. Trichoderma application on red chili seeds showed that red chili plants could survive up to 3 weeks of observation, compared to controls that did not applied by Trichoderma. The best treatment for red chili plant growth parameters was the application of F. oxysporum and Trichoderma GP. 8 (treatment C). On administration of F. oxysporum and Trichoderma GP. This results in the average value for each red chili plant height of 26.8 cm, stem diameter of 2.9 mm, number of leaves as much as 28.7, root volume of 2 ml, wet and dry weight of roots 019 g and 0, 14 g, wet and dry weight of plant crown 3.63 g and 0.79 g, respectively. In observing the attack intensity (%) of F. oxysporum to red chili plants, the best treatment was the application of Trichoderma GP. 7 (treatment F) because it produced the lowest attack intensity of 0.25% compared to 12.5% control.
     
    Cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang sangat rentan terhadap serangan penyakit layu Fusarium oxysporum sehingga perlu dicari upaya pengendaliannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanaman cabai merah varietas lokal Sumatera Utara dan jamur Trichoderma sp. yang diisolasi dari tanah perkebunan kelapa sawit di Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Trichoderma yang berpotensi antagonis terhadap jamur F. oxysporum dan mengetahui kemampuannya dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu F. oxysporum pada tanaman cabai merah. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan subkultur F. oxysporum dan uji patogenitasnya pada tanaman cabai merah, isolasi Trichoderma, uji antagonis Trichoderma terhadap jamur F. oxysporum dan aplikasi Trichoderma dalam pemgendalikan penyakit layu F. oxysporum pada tanaman cabai merah. Uji patogenitas F. oxysporum terhadap bibit tanaman cabai merah menyebabkan semua tanaman cabai merah yang diujikan menunjukkan gejala layu. Hasil isolasi Trichoderma diperoleh sebanyak 3 isolat Trichoderma dengan kemampuan menghambat F. oxysporum secara in vitro dengan persentase penghambatan sebesar antara 40 hingga 66,67%. Aplikasi Trichoderma pada bibit tanaman cabai merah menunjukkan bahwa tanaman cabai merah dapat bertahan hidup sampai pengamatan 3 minggu, dibanding kontrol yang tidak diaplikasikan Trichoderma. Perlakuan terbaik terhadap parameter pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah adalah aplikasi F. oxysporum dan Trichoderma GP. 8 (perlakuan C). Pada pemberian F. oxysporum dan Trichoderma GP. 8 ini dihasilkan nilai rata-rata untuk masing-masing tinggi tanaman cabai merah 26,8 cm, diameter batang 2,9 mm, jumlah daun sebanyak 28,7, volume akar 2 ml, berat basah dan kering akar yaitu 019 g dan 0,14 g, berat basah dan kering tajuk tanaman 3,63 g dan 0,79 g. Pada pengamatan intensitas serangan (%) F. oxysporum pada tanaman cabai merah, perlakuan terbaik adalah aplikasi Trichoderma GP. 7 (perlakuan F) karena menghasilkan intensitas serangan terendah yaitu 0,25% dibanding kontrol 12,5%.

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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV