Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri dan Jamur Pengkontaminasi Beberapa Kultur Jaringan dan Ruangan Kultur Departemen Biologi FMIPA USU

Abstract

A study on the diversity of bacteria and fungi which contaminated plant tissue cultures and the Plant Tisssue Culture Laboratory Department Biology FMIPA USU and the efficiency of fumigation used formalin 4% for 6 weeks to reduce the contaminants have been done. The results showed that the genus of bacteria and fungal contaminants which isolated from the air was as same as isolated from the plant tissue cultures contaminated.The bacterial contaminants were Bacillussp., Staphylococcussp., Escherichiasp., Streptococcussp. and Pseudomonassp.. The fungal contaminants were Aspergillussp., Fusariumsp., Mucorsp., Neurosporasp. and Penicilliumsp.. The fumigation in the room with spraying used formalin 4% could reduce 50% bacteria on the first day after fumigation and nearly 100% as same as the population bacteria before fumigation at the end of observation (the 5th day after fumigation). The results showed that fumigation should be done regularly in the Tissue Culture Laboratory Department Biology FMIPA US to prevent the contamination in the culture.

Penelitian keanekaragaman bakteri dan jamur pengkontaminasikultur dan ruangan Kultur Jaringan Tumbuhan Departemen Biologi FMIPA USU dan efisiensi formalin 4% dalam mengurangi jumlah populasi bakteri pengkontaminan telah dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genus bakteri dan jamur yang diisolasi dari udara sama dengan yang diisolasi dari kultur eksplan yang terkontaminasi. Bakteri pengkontaminasi merupakanBacillussp., Staphylococcussp., Escherichiasp.,Streptococcussp., dan Pseudomonassp.,sedangkan jamur pengkontaminasi ialahAspergillussp., Fusariumsp., Mucorsp., Neurosporasp. dan Penicilliumsp.. Fumigasiruangan dengan formalin 4% denjgan cara penyemprotan setiap minggu yang dilakukan selama 6 minggu mampu menurunkan 50% jumlah bakteri pada hari pertama setelah fumigasi dan hamper 100% jumlah bakteri sebelum difumigasi pada akhir pengamatan (hari ke5 setelah fumigasi). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan fumigasi harus dilakukan secara berkala di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Departemen Biologi FMIPA USU untuk menghindari terjadinya kontaminasi kultur.