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    Efektivitas Jamur Nematofagus Isolat Sumatera Utara sebagai Biokontrol Meloidogyne Hapla pada Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

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    Date
    2022
    Author
    Putri, T. Qisti Aqila
    Advisor(s)
    Hastuti, Liana Dwi Sri
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    Abstract
    Crop failure due to root-root nematode (NPA) attack on tomato plants can reach 29%. The use of chemicals in the long term can cause negative impacts on the environment, therefore biocontrol agent in the form of nematophagus fungi is needed to be an appropriate alternative in overcoming the problems caused by M. hapla. This study aims to determine the potential of the fungi Trichoderma yunnanense (J2) from Lake Toba and Monacrosporium spp. (LKTS1) from Lau Kawar in inhibiting the growth of nematodes in vitro and reducing the attack of M. hapla on tomato plants in vivo. This study used a completely randomized design, in which the two fungi isolates were treated with nematodes. Observations were made every 12, 24, 36, and 72 hours with 3 repetitions which saw a reduction in nematode growth. In the bioassay test, 6 treatments were given, namely K+, K-, KBF, J2, LKTS1, and J2+LKTS1. Observations were made at 7, 14, 21, and 30 days with 4 repetitions. The indicators taken as data were the number of vermiform nematodes, the number of root swellings, the number of root knots, plant height, crown height, root height, crown fresh weight and dry weight, root fresh weight and dry weight. In vitro test results, J2 reduced nematode growth by 99.30% and LKTS1 reduced nematode growth by 99.80%. The results of the bioassay test, the most effective treatment in suppressing root cavities in the bioassay test is the combination treatment of isolates J2 and LKTS1 (J2+LKTS1) which has the highest percentage of 98.2%, while the treatment of isolate J2 alone inhibits 97.8% and LKTS1 alone inhibits by 98.1%.
     
    Gagal panen akibat serangan Nematoda Puru Akar (NPA) pada tanaman tomat dapat mencapai 29%. Penggunaan bahan kimia dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan, sehingga diperlukan agen biokontrol berupa jamur nematofagus terhadap nematoda untuk menjadi salah satu alternatif yang tepat dalam mengatasi masalah yang ditimbulkan oleh Meloidogyne hapla. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi jamur Trichoderma yunnanense (J2) asal Danau Toba dan Monacrosporium spp. (LKTS1) asal Lau Kawar dalam menghambat pertumbuhan nematoda secara in vitro dan mengurangi serangan Meloidogyne hapla pada tanaman tomat secara in vivo. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, pada uji in vitro kedua isolat jamur diberikan nematoda. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 12, 24, 36, dan 72 jam dengan 3 kali pengulangan yang melihat pengurangan pertumbuhan nematoda. Pada uji bioassay diberikan 6 perlakuan, yaitu K+, K-, KBF, J2, LKTS1, dan J2+LKTS1. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 7, 14, 21, dan 30 hari dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Indikator yang diambil sebagai data adalah jumlah nematoda vermiform, jumlah bengkak akar, jumlah puru akar, tinggi tanaman, tinggi tajuk, tinggi akar, berat basah dan kering tajuk, berat basah dan kering akar. Hasil uji in vitro, J2 mengurangi pertumbuhan nematoda sebesar 99,30% dan LKTS1 mengurangi pertumbuhan nematoda sebesar 99,80%. Hasil uji bioassay, perlakuan paling efektif dalam menekan puru akar pada uji bioassay adalah perlakuan kombinasi isolat J2 dan LKTS1 (J2+LKTS1) memiliki persentase tertinggi sebesar 98,2%, sedangkan perlakuan isolat J2 sendiri menghambat sebesar 97,8% dan LKTS1 sendiri menghambat sebesar 98,1%.

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    https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/49474
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV