Status Kualitas Perairan di Hulu dan Bagian Tengah Sungai Bah Bolon Berdasarkan Komposisi dan Kelimpahan Fitoplankton

Abstract

The number of community activities that affect the quality of water in a waters and will affect the river ecosystem, especially the survival of organisms in these waters, especially phytoplankton as an indicator of water pollution. This research was conducted in the Bah Bolon River, Sipispis District, Serdang Bedagai Regency to determine the abundance of phytoplankton and water quality in the upstream and in the middle of the river where there are many community activities. The method of determining the station is done by purposive sampling. Sampling of phytoplankton and physico-chemical parameters was carried out at 10.00 – 14.00 WIB. Then the water quality status analysis was carried out using the storet method, pollution index, and the CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment) method. The results showed that the abundance index of phytoplankton in the upstream and middle part of the Bah Bolon River, Sipispis District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra showed an abundance value at station 1 of 9024 ind/m3, station 2 of 10368 ind/m3 and station 3 of 7344 eng/ Sipispis District, Serdang Bedagai Regency m3. The status of water quality in the upstream and middle part of the Bah Bolon River, North Sumatra based on the saprobic coefficient is /βmesosaprobic (light pollutant level). Based on the storet method, stations 1, 2 and 3 were lightly polluted. Based on the pollution index at stations 1, 2 and 3 meet the quality standards and based on the CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment) method at stations 1, 2 and 3, it is in the good category.

Banyaknya kegiatan-kegiatan masyarakat yang berpengaruh pada kualitas air pada suatu perairan dan akan mempengaruhi ekosistem sungai khususnya kelangsungan hidup organisme di perairan tersebut khususnya fitoplankton sebagai indikator pencemaran perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sungai Bah Bolon Kecamatan Sipispis, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai untuk mengetahui kelimpahan fitoplankton dan kualitas air di hulu dan bagian tengah sungai dimana banyak terdapat aktivitas masyarakat. Metode penentuan stasiun dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel fitoplankton dan parameter fisika-kimia dilakukan pada pukul 10.00 – 14.00 WIB. Kemudian dilakukan analisis status kualitas air dengan metode storet, indeks pencemaran, dan metode CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of The Environment). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indeks Kelimpahan fitoplankton di hulu dan bagian tengah Sungai Bah Bolon, Kecamatan Sipispis, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, Sumatera Utara menunjukkan nilai kelimpahan pada stasiun 1 sebesar 9024 ind/m3, stasiun 2 sebesar 10368 ind/m3 dan stasiun 3 sebesar 7344 ind/ Kecamatan Sipispis, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai m3. Status kualitas air di hulu dan bagian tengah Sungai Bah Bolon, Sumatera Utara berdasarkan koefisien saprobik adalah α/βmesosaprobik (tingkat pencemar ringan). Berdasarkan metode storet pada stasiun 1, 2 dan 3 tercemar ringan. Berdasarkan indeks pencemaran pada stasiun 1, 2 dan 3 memenuhi baku mutu serta berdasarkan metode CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of The Environment) pada stasiun 1, 2 dan 3 termasuk kategori baik.