Isolasi dan Uji Antimikroba Bakteri Endofit Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain Var. Laurentii) terhadap Beberapa Mikroba Patogen Manusia

Abstract

Mother-in-law's tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata) is a medicinal plant that contains antimicrobial compounds. This study aims to isolate and to test the antimicrobial activity of endophytic bacterial isolates of Mother-in-law's tongue in inhibiting four microbial pathogens i.e. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from the roots, stems and leaves on Nutrient Agar. Antimicrobial tests were carried out using disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar. Supernatant of selected potential endophytic bacterial isolates was obtained from the bacterial cultures in nutrient broth. The supernatant was harvested in the middle of the log phase and the beginning of the stationary phase of agitated cultures. Eleven endophytic bacteria were isolated from the plant. The antimicrobial test of endophytic bacteria isolates in inhibiting the tested pathogenic microbes was indicated by the diameter of the inhibition zone between 6.7 to 46.5 mm. LM 01 and LM 02 isolates from roots, LM 03 isolates from stems, LM 08, LM 09 and LM 10 isolates from leaves inhibited more of the tested pathogenic microbes. The six isolate supernatants were tested for antimicrobials. Supernatants LM 02, LM 03, LM 08, LM 10 inhibited more of the test pathogenic microbes. The results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that LM 02, LM03, LM08, and LM10 were clodesy related Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 34S, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain RSP8 16S, Pseudomonas aerugiosa RSP8 16S and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain EE65 with similarity index of 98, 94, 96, and 88%, respectively.

Lidah mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata) merupakan tanaman obat yang mengandung senyawa antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menguji aktivitas antimikroba isolat bakteri endofit lidah mertua dalam menghambat empat mikroba patogen yaitu Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Candida albicans. Isolasi bakteri endofit dari akar, batang dan daun pada Nutrient Agar. Uji antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram pada Mueller Hinton Agar. Supernatan dari isolat bakteri endofit potensial terpilih diperoleh dari kultur bakteri dalam Nutrient Broth dan dipanen pada pertengahan fase log dan awal fase stasioner. Sebelas bakteri endofit diisolasi dari tanaman. Uji antimikroba isolat bakteri endofit dalam menghambat mikroba patogen yang diuji ditunjukkan dengan diameter zona hambat antara 6,7 hingga 46,5 mm. Isolat LM 01 dan LM 02 dari akar, isolat LM 03 dari batang, isolat LM 08, LM 09 dan LM 10 dari daun lebih banyak menghambat mikroba patogen yang diuji. Keenam supernatan isolat diuji antimikrobanya. Supernatan LM 02, LM 03, LM 08 dan LM 10 lebih banyak menghambat mikroba patogen uji. Hasil sekuens gen 16S rRNA menunjukkan bahwa LM 02, LM03, LM08, dan LM10 menunjukkan isolat tersebut memiliki kemiripan dengan Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 34S, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain RSP8 16S, Pseudomonas aeruginosa RSP8 16S dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain EE65 dengan indeks kemiripan masing-masing 98, 94, 96, dan 88%.