Respon Vetivera (Vetiveria zizanoides Linn.) Akibat Salinitas Tanah Berdasarkan Karakteristik Anatomi

Abstract

The study aims to determine the effect of salinity on the anatomical characteristics of vetivera grass and to determine the optimal level of salinity to the growth of vetivera grass. The research was conducted from June 2021 to December 2021 at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, the Greenhouse and Central Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with salinity treatments used 10 salinily levels whicha were 0, 640, 1280, 1920,2560, 3200, 3840, 4480, 5120, 5760 and 6400 ppm. Statistically, the soil salinity caused significantly different on the anatomical leaves of vetivera such as adaxial leaf variable, stomata density, abaxial leaf stomata density and leaf base thickness, while leaf center thickness and leaf tip thickness were not significantly different. The anatomical parameters of vetivera roots that were significantly different were the thickness of the tip of the cortex, the thickness of the tip of the stele the ratio of the thickness of the cortex and the middle stele. However, the diameter of the root base, the diameter of the root center, the diameter of the tip of the root, the thickness of the base of the cortex, and the thickness of the middle. cortex, thickness of the base of the stele, the thickness of the middle of the stele, the ratio of the thickness of the cortex and the stele of the root, the ratio of the thickness of the cortex and the tip of the stele, the hydraulic diameter of the root xylem, the hydraulic diameter of the middle xylem and the hydraulic diameter of the tip of the stel, all were not different statistically. Base on the anatomical characteristics of vetivera (Vetiveria zizanoides Linn.), the vetivera grass showed adaptation respods to soil salinity from treatment 0 ppm to 6400 ppm and could grow well on those consentrations.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap karakteristik anatomi rumput vetivera dan mengetahui tingkat salinitas yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan rumput vetivera. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2021 sampai dengan Desember 2021 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan dan Kultur Jaringan Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Rumah Kaca dan Laboratorium Sentral Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan salinitas 0, 640, 1280, 1920,2560, 3200, 3840, 4480, 5120, 5760 dan 6400 ppm. Parameter anatomi daun vetivera yang berbeda nyata akibat salinitas tanah yaitu variabel kerapatan stomata daun adaksial, kerapatan stomata daun abaksial dan tebal pangkal daun, sedangkan yang tidak berbeda nyata yaitu variabel tebal tengah daun dan tebal ujung daun. Parameter anatomi akar vetivera yang berbeda nyata akibat salinitas tanah yaitu tebal ujung korteks, tebal ujung stele dan rasio tebal korteks dan stele tengah, sedangkan yang tidak berbeda nyata yaitu diameter pangkal akar, diameter tengah akar, diameter ujung akar, tebal pangkal korteks, tebal tengah korteks, tebal pangkal stele, tebal tengah stele, rasio tebal korteks dan stele pangkal, rasio tebal korteks dan stele ujung, diameter hidraulik xilem pangkal, diameter hidraulik xilem tengah dan diameter hidraulik xilem ujung. Rumput vetivera merespon salinitas tanah dari perlakuan 0 ppm sampai dengan 6400 ppm vetivera masih mampu beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan dapat tumbuh berdasarkan karakteristik anatomi vetivera (Vetiveria zizanoides Linn.)